Question

The difference between a law and a theory is the difference between what and why. Explain.

Short answer

A scientific law describes 'what' occurs in nature by stating an observable pattern or occurrence, often formulated as a mathematical equation. It does not explain 'why' this relationship takes place. On the other hand, a scientific theory provides the 'why' by offering a well-substantiated explanation of natural phenomena, based on facts, experiments, and observations. It helps us understand cause and effect relationships governing these phenomena.

Step-by-step solution

Define Scientific Law

A scientific law is a statement that describes an observable pattern or occurrence in nature, often in the form of a mathematical equation. Laws are based on empirical observations and experiments and are universally true under specific conditions.

Define Scientific Theory

A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts, experiments, and observations that have been repeatedly confirmed through the scientific method. Theories provide a framework for our understanding of the cause and effect relationships that govern observed phenomena. Theories can be refined, changed, or discarded based on new evidence.

The Difference between What and Why in terms of Scientific Laws and Theories

The difference between what and why can be explained by comparing scientific laws and theories. A scientific law gives us 'what' – it describes a pattern or relationship in nature that has been observed consistently. It does not provide any explanation or mechanism as to 'why' this relationship occurs. In contrast, a scientific theory gives us 'why' – it explains the underlying cause or reason for the observed patterns and provides a framework to understand the mechanisms that govern the phenomena.