Question

How does temperature affects the extent of dissociation of an electrolyte?

Short answer

Question: Explain the effect of temperature on the extent of dissociation of an electrolyte and its conductivity in a solution. Answer: The extent of dissociation of an electrolyte generally increases with temperature due to enhanced solubility and greater kinetic energy of water molecules. This leads to an increase in the conductivity of the solution, as more ions are available to carry the electric current. However, this trend may not apply to all electrolytes, as some exhibit decreased solubility at higher temperatures.

Step-by-step solution

Define the terms

An electrolyte is a substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in a solvent, such as water. This is due to the separation of ions, which are charged particles that can carry electric current. The extent of dissociation refers to the degree to which the electrolyte separates into its ions when it dissolves in a solvent.

Discuss the effect of temperature on solubility

In general, the solubility of substances in water increases with increasing temperature. As the temperature rises, the kinetic energy of water molecules increases, leading to an increase in the rate of intermolecular collisions. This results in an enhanced ability to break the bonds between the ions in the electrolyte, thus promoting its dissociation.

Relate temperature increase to increased electrolyte dissociation

When the temperature increases, the electrolyte is more likely to dissociate into its constituent ions, as mentioned in the previous step. This is because an increase in temperature typically results in a greater extent of dissociation for most electrolytes. However, it is essential to note that this general rule is not universally applicable, as some electrolytes exhibit decreased solubility at higher temperatures.

Explain the relationship between dissociation and conductivity

As the electrolyte dissociates into its ions, its ability to conduct electric current increases. This is because the ions, which are charged particles, are responsible for carrying electric current through the solution. Hence, an increase in the extent of dissociation correlates with an increase in the conductivity of the solution.

Connect all the concepts to draw a conclusion

In conclusion, the temperature has a significant impact on the extent of dissociation of an electrolyte. Generally, an increase in temperature leads to a greater extent of dissociation due to increased solubility and kinetic energy of water molecules. As a result, the conductivity of the solution increases with the temperature because more ions are available to carry electric current. However, it is crucial to remember that this general trend may not apply to all electrolytes, as some have decreased solubility at higher temperatures.