Question

State and explain Faraday's laws of electrolysis.

Short answer

Question: State and explain Faraday's laws of electrolysis. Answer: Faraday's laws govern the electrochemical reactions of substances in electrolytic cells. Faraday's First Law of electrolysis states that the amount of substance deposited or released at the electrodes is directly proportional to the quantity of charge that passes (q = z * I * t). This means that the substance is deposited at a rate proportional to the current and the time it is applied, where z is the electrochemical equivalent of the substance. In short, when a higher current or a longer time is applied, more substance is deposited or released. Faraday's Second Law of electrolysis states that when the same quantity of electricity is passed through different electrolytes, the masses of the substances deposited or released are in the ratio of their chemical equivalents or equivalent masses (m1/m2 = E1/E2). This law is based on the fact that different substances have different abilities to gain or lose electrons during electrolytic reactions, and the ratio of their deposited or released substances' masses is equal to the ratio of their equivalent masses.

Step-by-step solution

State Faraday's First Law of electrolysis

Faraday's First Law of electrolysis states that the amount of substance deposited or released at the electrodes during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of charge that passes through the electrolyte. Mathematically, it can be written as: q = z * I * t, where q is the quantity of charge passing through the electrolyte, z is the electrochemical equivalent (in grams per coulomb) of the substance deposited or released, I is the current passing through the electrolyte (in amperes), and t is the time (in seconds) for which the current is passed.

Explain Faraday's First Law of electrolysis

Faraday's First Law of electrolysis explains the relationship between the quantity of charge passing through the electrolyte and the amount of substance deposited or released at the electrodes. The law implies that the substance is deposited at a rate proportional to the current and the time for which the current is allowed to flow. When a higher current or a longer time is applied, more of the substance will be deposited or released. The constant of proportionality is the electrochemical equivalent - this tells us how much substance is deposited per unit of charge.

State Faraday's Second Law of electrolysis

Faraday's Second Law of electrolysis states that when the same quantity of electricity is passed through different electrolytes, the masses of the substances deposited or released at the electrodes are in the ratio of their chemical equivalents or equivalent masses. Mathematically, it can be written as: m1/m2 = E1/E2, where m1 and m2 are the masses of substances deposited or released by the same quantity of electricity, and E1 and E2 are their respective equivalent masses.

Explain Faraday's Second Law of electrolysis

Faraday's Second Law of electrolysis explains the relationship between the masses of various substances deposited or released at the electrodes and their equivalent masses. This law is based on the fact that different substances have different abilities to gain or lose electrons during electrolytic reactions. The equivalent mass is a measure of how many grams of a substance will react with, be deposited, or be released for a given quantity of electricity (usually one mole of electrons). Faraday's Second Law tells us that when the same amount of electricity is passed through different electrolytes, the ratio of deposited or released substances' masses is equal to the ratio of their equivalent masses.