Question

What is secondary suffix? Give the different functional groups with their secondary suffixes.

Short answer

#Answer# A secondary suffix in organic chemistry is a notation added to the IUPAC name of a compound to indicate the presence of a certain functional group. It is added after the primary suffix to denote the primary functional group present in the compound. Examples of functional groups with their secondary suffixes include: Alcohol (-OH, "-ol"), Aldehyde (-CHO, "-al"), Ketone (R-C(=O)-R', "-one"), Carboxylic Acid (-COOH, "-oic acid"), Amine (-NH2, "-amine"), Amide (R-C(=O)-NH2, "-amide"), Ester (R-C(=O)-O-R', "-oate"), and Nitrile (-CN, "-nitrile").

Step-by-step solution

Definition of Secondary Suffix

A secondary suffix in organic chemistry is a notation added to the IUPAC name of a compound to indicate the presence of a certain functional group. The primary suffix is used to indicate the compound's parent hydrocarbon and its saturation levels (single, double, or triple bonds). The secondary suffix, however, is added after the primary suffix to denote the primary functional group present in the compound.

List of Functional Groups with Secondary Suffixes

Here is a list of some common functional groups and their respective secondary suffixes: 1. Alcohol: The functional group is -OH and the secondary suffix is "-ol". Example: CH3CH2OH is named ethanol. 2. Aldehyde: The functional group is -CHO and the secondary suffix is "-al". Example: CH3CHO is named ethanal. 3. Ketone: The functional group is R-C(=O)-R', where R and R' are any alkyl groups, and the secondary suffix is "-one". Example: CH3COCH3 is named propanone. 4. Carboxylic Acid: The functional group is -COOH and the secondary suffix is "-oic acid". Example: CH3COOH is named ethanoic acid. 5. Amine: The functional group is -NH2 and the secondary suffix is "-amine". Example: CH3CH2NH2 is named ethanamine. 6. Amide: The functional group is R-C(=O)-NH2, where R is any alkyl group, and the secondary suffix is "-amide". Example: CH3CONH2 is named ethanamide. 7. Ester: The functional group is R-C(=O)-O-R', where R and R' are any alkyl groups, and the secondary suffix is "-oate". Example: CH3COOCH3 is named methyl ethanoate. 8. Nitrile: The functional group is -CN and the secondary suffix is "-nitrile". Example: CH3CH2CN is named ethanenitrile. These are just a few examples of functional groups with their secondary suffixes. Organic chemistry has a wide range of functional groups, but understanding these common ones should provide a strong foundation for further learning.