Question

Define molarity.

Short answer

Answer: The molarity of the solution is 2.5 M.

Step-by-step solution

Definition of Molarity

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute (a dissolved substance) in a solution, which is often used in chemistry. It is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Formula for Molarity

To calculate the molarity of a solution, you can use the following formula: M = n/V, where 'M' is the molarity, 'n' is the number of moles of solute, and 'V' is the volume of the solution in liters.

Determine the number of moles of solute

In order to calculate molarity, you need to know the number of moles of solute present in the solution. You may be given this information directly in the problem, or you may need to calculate it by using the molecular weight of the solute and the mass of the solute in the solution.

Determine the volume of the solution in liters

Next, you need to know the total volume of the solution in liters. This information may be given to you in the problem, or you may need to convert the given volume from milliliters or another unit to liters (1 L = 1000 mL).

Calculate the molarity

Now that you have the number of moles of solute and the volume of the solution in liters, you can calculate the molarity of the solution by using the formula M = n/V. Substitute the values you obtained in steps 1 and 2 into the formula, and you will have the molarity of the solution.

Example

Let's calculate the molarity of a solution that contains 5 moles of solute in 2 liters of solution. Using the formula M = n/V, we plug in the values: M = (5 moles) / (2 L) = 2.5 M. So, the molarity of the solution is 2.5 M.