Problem 74
Use the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals as examples to show how we can predict the chemical properties of elements simply from their electron configurations.
Problem 75
Based on your knowledge of the chemistry of the alkali metals, predict some of the chemical properties of francium, the last member of the group.
Problem 76
As a group, the noble gases are very stable chemically. Why?
Problem 78
How do the chemical properties of oxides change from left to right across a period? How do they change from top to bottom within a particular group?
Problem 79
Write balanced equations for the reactions between each of the following oxides and water: (a) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CaO}\) (c) \(\mathrm{SO}_{3}\)
Problem 80
Write formulas for and name the binary hydrogen compounds of the second-period elements (Li to F). Describe how the physical and chemical properties of these compounds change from left to right across the period.
Problem 81
Which oxide is more basic, \(\mathrm{MgO}\) or \(\mathrm{BaO}\) ? Why?
Problem 82
State whether each of the following properties of the main group elements generally increases or decreases (a) from left to right across a period and (b) from top to bottom within a group: metallic character, atomic size, ionization energy, acidity of oxides.
Problem 83
Referring to the periodic table, name (a) the halogen in the fourth period, (b) an element similar to phosphorus in chemical properties, \((\mathrm{c})\) the most reactive metal in the fifth period, (d) an element that has an atomic number smaller than 20 and is similar to strontium.
Problem 84
Write equations representing the following processes: (a) The electron affinity of \(S^{-}\) (b) The third ionization energy of titanium (c) The electron affinity of \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) (d) The ionization energy of \(\mathrm{O}^{2-}\)
