Problem 49
Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent. State which of the following species is least likely to be produced when nitric acid reacts with a strong reducing agent such as zinc metal, and explain why: \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{NO}, \mathrm{NO}_{2}, \mathrm{~N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4},\) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}, \mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}\).
Problem 50
Determine which of the following metals can react with acid: (a) \(\mathrm{Au},(\mathrm{b}) \mathrm{Ni},(\mathrm{c}) \mathrm{Zn},(\mathrm{d}) \mathrm{Ag},(\mathrm{e}) \mathrm{Pt}\).
Problem 51
One of the following oxides does not react with molecular oxygen: \(\mathrm{NO}, \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{SO}_{2}, \mathrm{SO}_{3}, \mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{6} .\) Based on oxidation numbers, which one is it? Explain.
Problem 52
Predict the outcome of the reactions represented by the following equations by using the activity series, and balance the equations. (a) \(\mathrm{Cu}(s)+\mathrm{HCl}(a q) \longrightarrow\) (b) \(\mathrm{Au}(s)+\operatorname{NaBr}(a q)\) (c) \(\mathrm{Mg}(s)+\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}(a q)\) (d) \(\operatorname{Zn}(s)+\operatorname{KBr}(a q)\)
Problem 53
Classify the following redox reactions as combination. decomposition, or displacement: (a) \(2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{O}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Mg}+2 \mathrm{AgNO}_{3} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}+2 \mathrm{Ag}\) (c) \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (d) \(\mathrm{H}_{2}+\mathrm{Br}_{2} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{HBr}\)
Problem 54
Classify the following redox reactions as combination, decomposition, or displacement: (a) \(\mathrm{P}_{4}+10 \mathrm{Cl}_{2} \longrightarrow 4 \mathrm{PCl}_{5}\) (b) \(2 \mathrm{NO} \longrightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2}+\mathrm{O}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}+2 \mathrm{KI} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{KCl}+\mathrm{I}_{2}\) (d) \(3 \mathrm{HNO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{HNO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+2 \mathrm{NO}\)
Problem 55
Write the equation for calculating molarity. Why is molarity a convenient concentration unit in chemistry?
Problem 57
Describe the basic steps involved in diluting a solution of known concentration.
Problem 59
Calculate the mass of KI in grams required to prepare \(5.00 \times 10^{2} \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(2.80-M\) solution.
Problem 60
Describe how you would prepare \(250 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(0.707 M\) \(\mathrm{NaNO}_{3}\) solution.
