Warning: foreach() argument must be of type array|object, bool given in /var/www/html/web/app/themes/studypress-core-theme/template-parts/header/mobile-offcanvas.php on line 20

Determine whether each of the following equations represents a combination reaction, a decomposition reaction, or a combustion reaction: (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}+\) \(5 \mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow 3 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+4 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O},(\mathrm{b}) 2 \mathrm{NF}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{~F}_{4}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CuSO}_{4} \cdot 5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CuSO}_{4}+5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} .\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Combustion reaction, (b) Combination reaction, (c) Decomposition reaction.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Reaction Type for (a)

Look at equation (a) \( \mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}+5 \mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow 3 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+4 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \). We have a hydrocarbon \( \mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8} \) reacting with \( \mathrm{O}_{2} \), producing \( \mathrm{CO}_{2} \) and \( \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \), which is a characteristic of a combustion reaction.
02

Identify the Reaction Type for (b)

Examine equation (b) \( 2 \mathrm{NF}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{~F}_{4} \). This reaction takes two smaller \( \mathrm{NF}_{2} \) molecules and combines them into a larger molecule \( \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{~F}_{4} \). Therefore, it is a combination reaction.
03

Identify the Reaction Type for (c)

Check equation (c) \( \mathrm{CuSO}_{4} \cdot 5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CuSO}_{4}+5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \). This reaction involves a single compound decomposing into two products \( \mathrm{CuSO}_{4} \) and \( 5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \), so it is a decomposition reaction.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Combustion Reaction
A combustion reaction is a chemical process where a substance combines with oxygen to release energy in the form of light or heat. These are central to many everyday phenomena, such as burning wood or gasoline. Typically, combustion reactions involve hydrocarbons—compounds made of hydrogen and carbon—reacting with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
For instance, in equation (a):
  • The hydrocarbon is propane, \( \mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_8 \).
  • When it reacts with oxygen, \( \mathrm{O}_2 \), it forms carbon dioxide, \( \mathrm{CO}_2 \), and water, \( \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \).
Combustion reactions are exothermic; they release energy, making them useful as a source of power or heat. Common characteristics involve formation of flames, propagation of gases, and change of substances due to the high temperatures involved. In everyday terms, if it catches fire and burns, it's likely a combustion reaction!
Combination Reaction
In a combination reaction, two or more reactants combine to form a single new product. These reactions are also known as synthesis reactions. They are fundamental in constructing complex molecules from simpler ones, which is vital in the development of new materials and chemical compounds.
Looking at equation (b):
  • We have two molecules of \( \mathrm{NF}_2 \)
  • These combine to result in a single molecule, \( \mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{F}_4 \).
Combination reactions are straightforward and typically involve direct interaction without the need for complex conditions. They're common in both natural processes and laboratory settings, serving roles ranging from building chemical structures to fabricating advanced materials. The simplicity of these reactions makes them a favorite for chemical demonstrations.
Decomposition Reaction
Decomposition reactions involve breaking down a single compound into two or more simpler substances. These reactions are the opposite of combination reactions, often requiring an energy input such as heat, light, or electricity to proceed.
Examination of equation (c) shows:
  • \( \mathrm{CuSO}_4 \cdot 5 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \) is a hydrated compound.
  • It breaks into \( \mathrm{CuSO}_4 \) and \( 5 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \).
Such reactions are essential for understanding chemical stability and reaction pathways. In real-world applications, decomposition reactions are used in processes like the breakdown of biomolecules in living organisms and the extraction of metals from ores. Often, the decomposition of a compound can provide insight into its structure and the forces holding it together, critical in fields like material science and inorganic chemistry.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

In the formation of carbon monoxide, \(\mathrm{CO},\) it is found that \(2.445 \mathrm{~g}\) of carbon combine with \(3.257 \mathrm{~g}\) of oxygen. What is the atomic mass of oxygen if the atomic mass of carbon is 12.01 amu?

Mustard gas \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{~S}\right)\) is a poisonous gas that was used in World War I and banned afterward. It causes general destruction of body tissues, resulting in the formation of large water blisters. There is no effective antidote. Calculate the percent composition by mass of the elements in mustard gas.

Ammonia is a principal nitrogen fertilizer. It is prepared by the reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen: $$ 3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{N}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}(g) $$ In a particular reaction, \(6.0 \mathrm{~mol}\) of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) were produced. How many moles of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\) and how many moles of \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) were consumed to produce this amount of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) ?

Limestone \(\left(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\right)\) is decomposed by heating to quicklime \((\mathrm{CaO})\) and carbon dioxide. Calculate how many grams of quicklime can be produced from \(1.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) of limestone.

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) contains \(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H},\) and \(\mathrm{O} . \mathrm{In}\) one combustion analysis, \(5.24 \mathrm{~g}\) of ascorbic acid yields \(7.86 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(2.14 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} .\) Calculate the empirical formula and molecular formula of ascorbic acid given that its molar mass is about \(176 \mathrm{~g}\).

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free