Problem 37
Why are ionizations of strong acids and strong bases generally not treated as equilibria?
Problem 38
Calculate the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of an aqueous solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) that is (a) \(0.12 \mathrm{M}\) in \(\mathrm{HCl}\), (b) \(2.4 \mathrm{M}\) in \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\), and (c) \(3.2 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M}\) in \(\mathrm{HClO}_{4}\).
Problem 39
Calculate the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of an aqueous solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) that is (a) \(1.02 \mathrm{M}\) in \(\mathrm{HI}\), (b) \(0.035 \mathrm{M}\) in \(\mathrm{HClO}_{4}\), and (c) \(1.5 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{M}\) in \(\mathrm{HCl}\).
Problem 40
Calculate the concentration of \(\mathrm{HBr}\) in a solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) that has a pH of (a) 0.12 , (b) \(2.46,\) and \((\mathrm{c}) 6.27\).
Problem 41
Calculate the concentration of \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) in a solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) that has a \(\mathrm{pH}\) of \((\mathrm{a}) 4.21,(\mathrm{~b}) 3.55,\) and \((\mathrm{c}) 0.98\)
Problem 42
Calculate the \(\mathrm{pOH}\) and \(\mathrm{pH}\) of the following aqueous solutions at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}:\) (a) \(0.066 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{KOH},\) (b) \(5.43 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\), (c) \(0.74 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\).
Problem 43
Calculate the \(\mathrm{pOH}\) and \(\mathrm{pH}\) of the following aqueous solutions at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}:\) (a) \(1.24 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{LiOH},\) (b) \(0.22 \mathrm{M}\) \(\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) (c) \(0.085 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\).
Problem 44
An aqueous solution of a strong base has a pH of 9.78 at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Calculate the concentration of the base if the base is (a) \(\mathrm{LiOH}\) and (b) \(\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\).
Problem 45
An aqueous solution of a strong base has a pH of 11.04 at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Calculate the concentration of the base if the base is (a) \(\mathrm{KOH}\) and (b) \(\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\).
Problem 46
Explain what is meant by the strength of an acid.
