Problem 75
What is critical temperature? What is the significance of critical temperature in condensation of gases?
Problem 76
What is the relationship between intermolecular forces in a liquid and the liquid's boiling point and critical temperature? Why is the critical temperature of water greater than that of most other substances?
Problem 77
How do the boiling points and melting points of water and carbon tetrachloride vary with pressure? Explain any difference in behavior of these two substances.
Problem 78
Why is solid carbon dioxide called dry ice?
Problem 79
The vapor pressure of a liquid in a closed container depends on which of the following: (a) the volume above the liquid, (b) the amount of liquid present, (c) temperature, (d) intermolecular forces between the molecules in the liquid?
Problem 80
Wet clothes dry more quickly on a hot, dry day than on a hot, humid day. Explain.
Problem 81
Which of the following phase transitions gives off more heat: (a) 1 mole of steam to 1 mole of water at \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), or (b) 1 mole of water to 1 mole of ice at \(0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\)
Problem 82
A beaker of water is heated to boiling by a Bunsen burner. Would adding another burner raise the temperature of the boiling water? Explain.
Problem 83
Explain why splashing a small amount of liquid nitrogen (b.p. \(77 \mathrm{~K}\) ) is not as harmful as splashing boiling water on your skin.
Problem 86
The molar heats of fusion and sublimation of molecular iodine are 15.27 and \(62.30 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\), respectively. Estimate the molar heat of vaporization of liquid iodine.
