Problem 33
Why is the density of a gas much lower than that of a liquid or solid under atmospheric conditions? What units are normally used to express the density of gases?
Problem 34
A sample of nitrogen gas in a \(4.5-\mathrm{L}\) container at a temperature of \(27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) exerts a pressure of 4.1 atm. Calculate the number of moles of gas in the sample.
Problem 35
Given that 6.9 moles of carbon monoxide gas are present in a container of volume \(30.4 \mathrm{~L},\) what is the pressure of the gas (in atm) if the temperature is \(82^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) ?
Problem 36
What volume will 9.8 moles of sulfur hexafluoride \(\left(\mathrm{SF}_{6}\right)\) gas occupy if the temperature and pressure of the gas are \(105^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and 9.4 atm, respectively?
Problem 37
The temperature of \(2.5 \mathrm{~L}\) of a gas initially at \(\mathrm{STP}\) is raised to \(210^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) at constant volume. Calculate the final pressure of the gas in atmospheres.
Problem 38
A gas-filled balloon having a volume of \(2.50 \mathrm{~L}\) at 1.2 atm and \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is allowed to rise to the stratosphere (about \(30 \mathrm{~km}\) above the surface of Earth), where the temperature and pressure are \(-23^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(3.00 \times 10^{-3}\) atm, respectively. Calculate the final volume of the balloon.
Problem 39
A gas evolved during the fermentation of glucose (wine making) has a volume of \(0.67 \mathrm{~L}\) at \(22.5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1.00 \mathrm{~atm} .\) What was the volume of this gas at the fermentation temperature of \(36.5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and 1.00 atm pressure?
Problem 40
An ideal gas originally at \(0.85 \mathrm{~atm}\) and \(66^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) was allowed to expand until its final volume, pressure, and temperature were \(94 \mathrm{~mL}, 0.60 \mathrm{~atm},\) and \(45^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), respectively. What was its initial volume?
Problem 41
Calculate the volume (in liters) of \(124.3 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) at \(\mathrm{STP}\).
Problem 42
A gas at \(572 \mathrm{mmHg}\) and \(35.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) occupies a volume of \(6.15 \mathrm{~L} .\) Calculate its volume at STP.
