Question

What acid and what base would react in aqueous solution so that the following salts appear as products in the formula equation? Write the balanced formula equation for each reaction. a. potassium perchlorate b. cesium nitrate c. calcium iodide

Short answer

a. HClO4(aq) + KOH(aq) -> KClO4(aq) + H2O(l) b. HNO3(aq) + CsOH(aq) -> CsNO3(aq) + H2O(l) c. 2HI(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) -> CaI2(aq) + 2H2O(l)

Step-by-step solution

Identify the Cation and Anion of the Salt

In potassium perchlorate, the cation is potassium (K+) and the anion is perchlorate (ClO4-).

Identify the Acid and Base

The acid and the base components that would form the potassium perchlorate salt are: - Acid: a compound that contains the ClO4- anion. A common acid with the perchlorate anion is perchloric acid (HClO4). - Base: a compound that contains the K+ cation. A common base with the potassium cation is potassium hydroxide (KOH).

Write the Balanced Formula Equation

Now, we'll write a balanced formula equation for the reaction between HClO4 and KOH in an aqueous solution: HClO4(aq) + KOH(aq) -> KClO4(aq) + H2O(l) b. cesium nitrate

Identify the Cation and Anion of the Salt

In cesium nitrate, the cation is cesium (Cs+) and the anion is nitrate (NO3-).

Identify the Acid and Base

The acid and the base components that would form cesium nitrate are: - Acid: a compound that contains the NO3- anion. A common acid with the nitrate anion is nitric acid (HNO3). - Base: a compound that contains the Cs+ cation. A common base with the cesium cation is cesium hydroxide (CsOH).

Write the Balanced Formula Equation

Now, we'll write a balanced formula equation for the reaction between HNO3 and CsOH in an aqueous solution: HNO3(aq) + CsOH(aq) -> CsNO3(aq) + H2O(l) c. calcium iodide

Identify the Cation and Anion of the Salt

In calcium iodide, the cation is calcium (Ca2+) and the anion is iodide (I-).

Identify the Acid and Base

The acid and the base components that would form calcium iodide are: - Acid: a compound that contains the I- anion. A common acid with the iodide anion is hydroiodic acid (HI). - Base: a compound that contains the Ca2+ cation. A common base with the calcium cation is calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2).

Write the Balanced Formula Equation

Now, we'll write a balanced formula equation for the reaction between HI and Ca(OH)2 in an aqueous solution. Note that you'll need two molecules of HI to balance the charges with the Ca2+ ion: 2HI(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) -> CaI2(aq) + 2H2O(l)