Problem 23
Write electron configurations for the following transition metals. a. Sc b. Ru c. Ir d. Mn
Problem 24
Write electron configurations for the following transition metal ions. a. \(\mathrm{Sc}^{3+}\) b. \(\mathrm{Ru}^{2+}, \mathrm{Ru}^{3+}\) c. \(\operatorname{Ir}^{+}, \operatorname{Ir}^{3+}\) d. \(M n^{2+}\)
Problem 25
Write electron configurations for the following transition metals and their ions. a. \(\mathrm{Co}, \mathrm{Co}^{2+}, \mathrm{Co}^{3+}\) b. \(\mathrm{Pt}, \mathrm{Pt}^{2+}, \mathrm{Pt}^{4+}\) c. \(\mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Fe}^{2+}, \mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\)
Problem 26
Write electron configurations for each of the following. a. \(\mathrm{Cr}, \mathrm{Cr}^{2+}, \mathrm{Crr}^{3+}\) b. \(\mathrm{Cu}, \mathrm{Cu}^{+}, \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\) c. \(\mathrm{V}, \mathrm{V}^{2+}, \mathrm{V}^{3+}\)
Problem 27
What is the electron configuration for the transition metal ion in each of the following compounds? a. \(K_{3}\left[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}\right]\) b. \(\left[\mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2}\right] \mathrm{Cl}\) c. \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{6}\right] \mathrm{Br}_{2}\) d. \(\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{4}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\right)_{2}\right] \mathrm{I}\)
Problem 28
What is the electron configuration for the transition metal ion(s) in each of the following compounds? a. \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2}\left[\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{4}\right]\) b. \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{2}\right)_{2}\right] \mathrm{I}_{2}\) c. \(\mathrm{Na}_{2}\left[\mathrm{TaF}_{7}\right]\) d. \(\left[\mathrm{Pt}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4} \mathrm{I}_{2}\right]\left[\mathrm{PtI}_{4}\right]\) Pt forms \(+2\) and \(+4\) oxidation states in compounds.
Problem 29
Molybdenum is obtained as a by-product of copper mining or is mined directly (primary deposits are in the Rocky Mountains in Colorado). In both cases it is obtained as \(\mathrm{MoS}_{2},\) which is then converted to \(\mathrm{MoO}_{3}\) . The \(\mathrm{MoO}_{3}\) can be used directly in the production of stainless steel for high-speed tools (which accounts for about 85\(\%\) of the molybdenum used). Molybdenum can be purified by dissolving MoO \(_{3}\) in aqueous ammonia and crystallizing ammonium molybdate. Depending on conditions, either \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{Mo}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}\) or \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{6} \mathrm{Mo}_{7} \mathrm{O}_{24} \cdot 4 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) is obtained. a. Give names for \(\mathrm{MoS}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{MoO}_{3}\) . b. What is the oxidation state of Mo in each of the com- pounds mentioned above?
Problem 31
When 6\(M\) ammonia is added gradually to aqueous copper(II) nitrate, a white precipitate forms. The precipitate dissolves as more 6\(M\) ammonia is added. Write balanced equations to explain these observations. [Hint: \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\) reacts with \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) to form \(\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4}^{2+} . ]\)
Problem 32
When an aqueous solution of KCN is added to a solution containing \(\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}\) ions, a precipitate forms, which redissolves on addition of more \(\mathrm{KCN}\) solution. Write reactions describing what happens in this solution. [Hint: \(\mathrm{CN}^{-}\) is a Bronsted-Lowry base \(\left(K_{\mathrm{b}} \approx 10^{-5}\right)\) and a Lewis base.]
Problem 34
A coordination compound of cobalt (III) contains four ammonia molecules, one sulfate ion, and one chloride ion. Addition of aqueous \(\mathrm{BaCl}_{2}\) solution to an aqueous solution of the compound gives no precipitate. Addition of aqueous \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\) to an aqueous solution of the compound produces a white precipitate. Propose a structure for this coordination compound.
