Question

Thallium and indium form \(+1\) and \(+3\) oxidation states when in compounds. Predict the formulas of the possible compounds between thallium and oxygen and between indium and chlorine. Name the compounds.

Short answer

The possible compounds between thallium and oxygen are Thallium(I) oxide (\(Tl_2O\)) and Thallium(III) oxide (\(Tl_2O_3\)); between indium and chlorine, they are Indium(I) chloride (\(InCl\)) and Indium(III) chloride (\(InCl_3\)).

Step-by-step solution

Determine the possible oxidation states of the elements involved

In this exercise, we are given that thallium and indium can form +1 and +3 oxidation states when in compounds. Oxygen typically has a -2 oxidation state, while chlorine typically has a -1 oxidation state.

Combine the elements with their respective oxidation states to determine the possible formulas of the compounds

To combine the elements with their respective oxidation states, we will use a criss-cross method, where the absolute values of the oxidation numbers are exchanged to determine the ratios of the ions in the compound. This way, we can find the possible formulas of the compounds. Compounds of thallium with oxygen: 1. Thallium (+1) and Oxygen (-2): \[Tl_2O\] 2. Thallium (+3) and Oxygen (-2): \[Tl_2O_3\] Compounds of indium with chlorine: 1. Indium (+1) and Chlorine (-1): \[InCl\] 2. Indium (+3) and Chlorine (-1): \[InCl_3\]

Name the compounds

Now we need to name the compounds. We will use the element names coupled with the oxidation state in Roman numerals for the positively charged element (except for +1, in which it is omitted) and follow with the anion ("-ide" suffix for nonmetal anions). Compounds of thallium with oxygen: 1. Thallium (+1) and Oxygen (-2): \[Tl_2O\] - Thallium(I) oxide 2. Thallium (+3) and Oxygen (-2): \[Tl_2O_3\] - Thallium(III) oxide Compounds of indium with chlorine: 1. Indium (+1) and Chlorine (-1): \[InCl\] - Indium(I) chloride 2. Indium (+3) and Chlorine (-1): \[InCl_3\] - Indium(III) chloride In summary, the possible compounds between thallium and oxygen are Thallium(I) oxide (\[Tl_2O\]) and Thallium(III) oxide (\[Tl_2O_3\]), while the possible compounds between indium and chlorine are Indium(I) chloride (\[InCl\]) and Indium(III) chloride (\[InCl_3\]).