Problem 41
For each of the following aqueous reactions, identify the acid, the base, the conjugate base, and the conjugate acid. a. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\) b. \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) c. \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}\)
Problem 42
For each of the following aqueous reactions, identify the acid, the base, the conjugate base, and the conjugate acid. a. \(\operatorname{Al}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{6}^{3+}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{5}(\mathrm{OH})^{2+}\) b. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{HONH}_{3}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{HONH}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) c. \(\mathrm{HOCl}+\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}_{2} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{OCl}^{-}+\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}_{3}^{+}\)
Problem 43
Classify each of the following as a strong acid or a weak acid.
Problem 49
Calculate the \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) of each of the following solutions at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) . Identify each solution as neutral, acidic, or basic. a. \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=1.0 \times 10^{-7} M\) b. \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=8.3 \times 10^{-16} M\) c. \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=12 M\) d. \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=5.4 \times 10^{-5} M\) Also calculate the pH and pOH of each of these solutions.
Problem 50
Calculate the \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]\) of each of the following solutions at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) . Identify each solution as neutral, acidic, or basic. a. \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]=1.5 M\) b. \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]=3.6 \times 10^{-15} M\) c. \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]=1.0 \times 10^{-7} M\) d. \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]=7.3 \times 10^{-4} M\) Also calculate the pH and pOH of each of these solutions.
Problem 52
At \(40 .^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) the value of \(K_{\mathrm{w}}\) is \(2.92 \times 10^{-14}\) a. Calculate the \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]\) and \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) in pure water at \(40 .^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .\) b. What is the pH of pure water at \(40 .^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\) c. If the hydroxide ion concentration in a solution is 0.10\(M\) what is the pH at \(40 .^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\)
Problem 53
Calculate \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]\) and \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) for each solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) . Identify each solution as neutral, acidic, or basic. a. \(\mathrm{pH}=7.40\) (the normal pH of blood) b. \(\mathrm{pH}=15.3\) c. \(\mathrm{pH}=-1.0\) d. \(\mathrm{pH}=3.20\) e. \(\mathrm{pOH}=5.0\) f. \(\mathrm{pOH}=9.60\)
Problem 55
The pH of a sample of gastric juice in a person's stomach is 2.1. Calculate the pOH, [H'l, and [OH- ] for this sample. Is gastric juice acidic or basic?
Problem 56
An antacid purchased at a local drug store has a pOH of \(2.3 .\) Calculate the \(\mathrm{pH},\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right],\) and \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) of this solution. Is the antacid acidic or basic?
Problem 58
A solution is prepared by adding 50.0 \(\mathrm{mL}\) of 0.050\(M \mathrm{HBr}\) to 150.0 \(\mathrm{mL}\) of 0.10 \(\mathrm{M}\) HI. Calculate \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]\) and the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of this solution. HBr and HI are both considered strong acids.
