Problem 13
Rubbing alcohol contains 585 g isopropanol \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{OH}\right)\) per liter (aqueous solution). Calculate the molarity.
Problem 14
What mass of sodium oxalate \(\left(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\right)\) is needed to prepare 0.250 \(\mathrm{L}\) of a \(0.100-M\) solution?
Problem 15
What volume of 0.25 M HCl solution must be diluted to prepare 1.00 L of 0.040 M HCl?
Problem 16
What volume of a \(0.580-M\) solution of \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\) contains 1.28 \(\mathrm{g}\) solute?
Problem 17
Calculate the sodium ion concentration when 70.0 \(\mathrm{mL}\) of 3.0\(M\) sodium carbonate is added to 30.0 \(\mathrm{mL}\) of 1.0\(M\) sodium bicarbonate.
Problem 18
Write equations showing the ions present after the following strong electrolytes are dissolved in water. a. \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) b. \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) c. \(\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{3}\) d. \(\mathrm{SrBr}_{2}\) e. \(\mathrm{KClO}_{4}\) f. \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Br}\) g. \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3}\) h. \(\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}\) i. NaOH
Problem 20
The weak electrolyte \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}(g)\) does not obey Henry's law. Why? \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\) obeys Henry's law in water but not in blood (an aqueous solution). Why?
Problem 23
When pure methanol is mixed with water, the resulting solution feels warm. Would you expect this solution to be ideal? Explain.
Problem 26
In order for sodium chloride to dissolve in water, a small amount of energy must be added during solution formation. This is not energetically favorable. Why is NaCl so soluble in water?
Problem 26
For an acid or a base, when is the normality of a solution equal to the molarity of the solution and when are the two concentration units different?
