Question

Give four examples illustrating each of the following terms. a. homogeneous mixture b. heterogeneous mixture c. compound d. element e. physical change f. chemical change

Short answer

Examples: a. Homogeneous Mixture: Saltwater, Air, Black Coffee, Brass b. Heterogeneous Mixture: Oil and water, Salad, Sand and water, Chocolate chip cookie c. Compound: Water (H2O), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Sodium chloride (NaCl), Sucrose (C12H22O11) d. Element: Gold (Au), Oxygen (O), Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C) e. Physical Change: Melting of ice, Boiling of water, Crushing a can, Breaking glass f. Chemical Change: Rusting of iron, Burning of wood, Digesting food, Mixing baking soda and vinegar

Step-by-step solution

1. Homogeneous Mixture

Homogeneous mixtures are mixtures that have a uniform composition throughout. The components cannot be visibly distinguished from one another. Example 1: Saltwater Example 2: Air Example 3: Black Coffee Example 4: Brass (alloy of copper and zinc)

2. Heterogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous mixtures have a non-uniform composition, and the components can be visibly separated. Example 1: Oil and water Example 2: Salad Example 3: Sand and water mixture Example 4: Chocolate chip cookie

3. Compound

A compound is a substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together. Example 1: Water (H2O) Example 2: Carbon dioxide (CO2) Example 3: Sodium chloride (NaCl, table salt) Example 4: Sucrose (C12H22O11, common sugar)

4. Element

Elements are pure chemical substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances through ordinary chemical reactions. Elements consist of a single type of atom. Example 1: Gold (Au) Example 2: Oxygen (O) Example 3: Hydrogen (H) Example 4: Carbon (C)

5. Physical Change

A physical change is a change in a substance's form (state, shape, or size) without changing its chemical composition. Example 1: Melting of ice Example 2: Boiling of water Example 3: Crushing a can Example 4: Breaking glass

6. Chemical Change

A chemical change involves a change in a substance's chemical composition, resulting in the formation of new products. Example 1: Rusting of iron Example 2: Burning of wood Example 3: Digesting food Example 4: Mixing baking soda and vinegar