Question

What acid and what base would react in aqueous solution so that the following salts appear as products in the molecular equation? Write the balanced molecular equation for each reaction.

a. potassium perchlorate

b. cesium nitrate

c. calcium iodide

Short answer

The balanced molecular equation for each reaction:

1. $\mathrm{KOH}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{HCIO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to {\mathrm{KCIO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)$
2. $\mathrm{CsOH}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to {\mathrm{CsNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)$
3. $\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+2\mathrm{HI}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to {\mathrm{Cal}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+2{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)$

Step-by-step solution

Definition

A balanced chemical equation is one in which the number of atoms present in the reactant side of the equation equals the number of atoms present in the product side of the equation.

Determination of balanced molecular equation 

a)

The first step is to write the potassium perchlorate salt formula.

${\mathrm{KCIO}}_4$

We can see that the salt might have been created by reacting potassium hydroxide (base) with perchloric acid (acid).

$\mathrm{KOH}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{HCIO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to {\mathrm{KCIO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)$

is the balanced molecular equation for the acid-base reaction.

b)

The first step is to write the cesium nitrate salt formula.

${\mathrm{CsNO}}_3$

We can see that the salt might have been created by reacting cesium hydroxide (base) with pernitric acid (acid).

$\mathrm{CsOH}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to {\mathrm{CsNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)$

is the balanced molecular equation for the acid-base reaction.

c)

The first step is to write the calcium iodide salt formula.

${\mathrm{Cal}}_2$

We can see that the salt might have been created by reacting calcium hydroxide (base) with hydroiodic acid (acid).

$\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+2\mathrm{HI}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to {\mathrm{Cal}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+2{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)$

is the balanced molecular equation for the acid-base reaction.