Question

Write balanced equations for the reactions described in Table $\mathbf{\text{18.13}}$for the production of $\mathbf{\text{Bi}}$and $\mathit{S}\mathit{b}$.

Short answer

The balanced equations for Antimony are –

Oxidation –${\text{2Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 9O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\to {\text{2Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 6SO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$

Reduction –${\text{2Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\text{(s) + 3C(s)}\to {\text{4Sb(s) + 3CO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$

The balanced equations for Bismuth are –

Oxidation –${\text{2Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 9O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\to {\text{2Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 6SO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$

Reduction –${\text{2Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\text{(s) + 3C(s)}\to {\text{4Bi(s) + 3CO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$

Step-by-step solution

Concept Introduction

A balanced equation is in which the overall charge and the number of atoms for each element in the reaction are the equal for both the reactants and the products.

Balanced Equations for Antimony

Antimony is prepared by roasting antimony$\left(\text{III}\right)$sulphide$\left({\text{Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\right)$in air to form antimony$\left(\text{III}\right)$oxide$\left({\text{Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\right)$.

The reaction of$\left({\text{Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\right)$and oxygen is shown below.

${\text{2Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 9O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\to {\text{2Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 6SO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$

The reduction of$\left({\text{Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\right)$with carbon is shown below.

${\text{2Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\text{(s) + 3C(s)}\to {\text{4Sb(s) + 3CO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$

Therefore, the balanced equations are ${\text{2Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 9O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\to {\text{2Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 6SO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$and${\text{2Sb}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\text{(s) + 3C(s)}\to {\text{4Sb(s) + 3CO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$ .

Step 3:Balanced Equations for Bismuth

Bismuth is prepared by roasting bismuth$\left(\text{III}\right)$sulphide$\left({\text{Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\right)$in air to form bismuth$\left(\text{III}\right)$oxide$\left({\text{Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\right)$.

The reaction of$\left({\text{Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\right)$and oxygen is shown below.

${\text{2Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 9O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\to {\text{2Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 6SO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$

The reduction of$\left({\text{Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\right)$with carbon is shown below.

${\text{2Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\text{(s) + 3C(s)}\to {\text{4Bi(s) + 3CO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$

Therefore, the balanced equations are${\text{2Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 9O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}\to {\text{2Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{(s) + 6SO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$ and ${\text{2Bi}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\text{(s) + 3C(s)}\to {\text{4Bi(s) + 3CO}}_{\text{2}}\text{(g)}$.