Question

Silicon is produced for the chemical and electronics industries by the following reactions. Givethe balanced equation for each reaction.
a. SiO₂(s) + C(s) → Si₂(s) + CO(g)
b. Silicon tetrachloride is reacted with very pure magnesium, producing silicon and magnesium chloride.
c. Na SiF₆(s) + Na(s) —Si(s) + NaF(s)

Short answer

The balanced equation for each reaction can be calculated.

Step-by-step solution

Oxidation and reduction half reaction

The reaction can be expressed as,

$$\begin{gathered} Si{O}_2\left(s\right)+C\left(s\right)\to Si\left(s\right)+CO\left(g\right) \\ C\left(O\right)\to C\left(+2\right)+2e^{-}......\left(1\right) \\ Si\left(+4\right)+4e^{-}\to Si\left(O\right).......\left(2\right) \\ 2C\left(O\right)+Si\left(+4\right)\to 2C\left(+2\right)+Si\left(O\right) \\ Si{O}_2\left(s\right)+2C\left(s\right)\to Si\left(s\right)+2CO\left(g\right) \end{gathered}$$

Silicon tetrachloride is reacted with very pure magnesium, producing silicon and magnesium chloride

The equation can be denoted as,

$$\begin{gathered} Mg\left(0\right)\to M{g}^{+2}+2e^{-}.......\left(1\right) \\ Si\left(+4\right)+4e^{-}\to Si\left(0\right)........\left(2\right) \\ SiC{l}_4+2Mg\to Si\left(0\right)+2MgC{l}_2 \end{gathered}$$

Balancing equation 3 by balancing atoms

The equation can be balanced as,

$$\begin{gathered} N{a}_{2}Si{F}_6\left(s\right)+Na\left(s\right)\to Si\left(s\right)+6NaF\left(s\right) \\ N{a}_{2}Si{F}_6\left(s\right)+4Na\left(s\right)\to Si\left(s\right)+6NaF\left(s\right) \end{gathered}$$

All of these equations are balanced.