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Chapter 10: Q1CT (page 365)

What if ΔSuniv was a state function? How would the world be different?

Short Answer

Expert verified

If the change in entropy of universe become a state function than the word can no longer sustain the processes which occur with positive entropy change.

Step by step solution

01

Entropy as state function

Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness and it is state function. Entropy increases as the system becomes more disordered. The spontaneous changes occur with an increase in entropy of the universe.

But total entropy, i.e., sum of system and surrounding entropy is not a state function. Entropy of system does not depend on path so it is a state function.

02

 If ΔSuniv was a state function

If the change in entropy of universe become a state function than the word can no longer sustain the processes which occur with positive entropy change. And the World be different because the universe will be evolved to a state with no thermodynamic free energy.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

It is quite common for a solid to change from one structure to another at a temperature below its melting point. For example, sulphur undergoes a phase change from the rhombic crystal structure to the monoclinic crystal form at temperatures above 95°C

  1. Predict the signs of ∆Hand∆Sfor the processSrhombic→Smonoclinic
  2. Which form of sulphur has the more ordered crystalline structure (has the smaller positional probability)?

Table 10.2 shows the possible arrangements of four molecules in a two-bulbed flask. What are the possible arrangements if there is one molecule in this two-bulbed flask or two molecules or three molecules? For each, what arrangement is most likely?

Consider the reaction

2POCl3(g)→2PCl3(g)+O2(g)

  1. Calculate ΔGofor this reaction. The ΔGR0values for 2POCl3(g)and 2PCl3(g)are \(-502kJ/mol\)and \(-270kJ/mol\), respectively.
  2. Is this reaction spontaneous under standard conditions at 298K?
  3. The value of ΔSofor this reaction is 179J/K . At what temperatures is this reaction spontaneous at standard conditions? Assume that ΔHo and ΔSodo not depend on temperature.

From data in Appendix 4, calculate ∆H°,∆S°and∆G°for each of the following reactions at25°C

Consider the reaction
H2g+Br2g⇔2HBrg
whereΔHo=-103.8kJ . In a particular experiment,1.00 atm of H2gand 1.00 atm of Br2gwere mixed ina 1.00-L flask at 25°C and allowed to reach equilibrium.Then the molecules ofH2 , were counted by using a very sensitive technique, and 1.10×1013molecules were found. For this reaction, calculate the values of K,ΔGo, andΔSo .
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