Question

Which of the following statement is (are) true?

(a) F has larger ionization energy than does Li.

(b) Cat-ion are larger than their parent atom.

(c) The removal of the first electron from a Lithium atom (electronic configuration$\mathbf{1}{\mathit{s}}^{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{,}\mathbf{2}{\mathit{s}}^{\mathbf{1}}$) is exothermic that is removing this electron gives off energy.

(d) The He atom is larger than${\mathit{H}}^{\mathbf{+}}$the ion.

(e) The Al atom is smaller than the Li-ion.

Short answer

Answer:

Ionization Energy: Ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron of an isolated gaseous atom or molecule.

Step-by-step solution

Step 1:

The size of the Cation is smaller than the parent atom.

E.g. $\underset{\mathit{11}\mathit{e}}{\mathit{N}\mathit{a}}\to {\underset{10\mathrm{e}}{\mathrm{Na}}}^{+}+\mathrm{e}-$

Cat-ion has less electron than the parent atom therefore it has a smaller size.

Step 2:

The removal of an electron from the outermost shell of an atom is an endothermic process whereas the addition of an electron is exothermic.

Step 3:

Hence only option (d) is correct - He atom is larger than H⁺ due to extra electrons are present in He atom as compared to H⁺.