Question

Write equations corresponding to the following energy terms.

(a) The fourth ionization energy of$\mathit{S}\mathit{e}$

(b) The electron affinity of${\mathit{S}}^{\mathbf{-}}$

(c) The electron affinity of$\mathit{F}{\mathit{e}}^{\mathbf{3}\mathbf{+}}$

(d) The ionization energy of$\mathit{M}\mathit{g}$

(e) The work function of$\mathit{M}\mathit{g}$

Short answer

Answer

(a)$S{e}^{\mathit{3}\mathit{+}}\left(g\right)\mathit{\to }S{e}^{\mathit{4}\mathit{+}}\left(g\right)\mathit{+}{e}^{\mathit{-}}$

(b)$S^{\mathit{-}}\left(g\right)\mathit{+}{e}^{\mathit{-}}\mathit{\to }{S}^{\mathit{2}\mathit{-}}\left(g\right)$

(c)$F{e}^{\mathit{3}\mathit{+}}\left(g\right)\mathit{+}{e}^{\mathit{-}}\mathit{\to }F{e}^{\mathit{2}\mathit{+}}\left(g\right)$

(d)$Mg\left(g\right)\mathit{\to }M{g}^{\mathit{+}}\left(g\right)\mathit{+}{e}^{\mathit{-}}$

(e)$Mg\left(s\right)\mathit{\to }M{g}^{\mathit{+}}\left(s\right)\mathit{+}{e}^{\mathit{-}}$

Step-by-step solution

(Discussing about the ionization energy of Se and Mg)

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a chemical species. Fourth ionization energy is the energy that is required to remove the fourth electron from a charged species. The equation that corresponds to the fourth ionization energy of $Se$is written below:

$S{e}^{\mathit{3}\mathit{+}}\left(g\right)\to {\mathrm{Se}}^{4+}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{e}}^{-}$

Similarly, we can write the ionization energy of $Mg$as:

(Discussing about the electron affinity of Fe3+ and S-).

Electron affinity can be defined as the change of energy of chemical species when an electron is added to that species. The electron affinity of $S^{\mathit{-}}$can be represented as follows:

$S^{\mathit{-}}\left(g\right)\mathit{+}{e}^{\mathit{-}}\to {\mathrm{S}}^{2-}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)$

Similarly, the electron affinity of $F{e}^{\mathit{3}\mathit{+}}$is represented as:

$F{e}^{\mathit{3}\mathit{+}}\left(g\right)\mathit{+}{e}^{\mathit{-}}\mathit{\to }F{e}^{\mathit{2}\mathit{+}}\left(g\right)$

Step 3:

The work function can be defined as the energy required to remove an electron from a chemical species in a solid state. The work function of $Mg$can be represented as follows: $Mg\left(s\right)\mathit{\to }M{g}^{\mathit{+}}\left(s\right)\mathit{+}{e}^{\mathit{-}}$