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Chapter 17: Q93AE (page 733)

The Tyndall effect is often used to distinguish between a colloidal suspension and a true solution. Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Colloids scatter light whereas solutions do not.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1:

The Tyndall effectis the effect of light scattering on very fine floating particles of dispersed systems such as colloids.

A narrow beam of light entering the dispersion system in a particular direction would be seen due to the scattering of the light. If the system is viewed from the side, such as seeing the sun’s rays in fog or a beam of light from a reflector on clouds at night.

02

Step 2:

The key difference between solution and colloid is that colloidal particles are greater than the particles suspended in solution. Colloids show the Tyndall effect that is, they scatter light whereas doing not.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Determine the molarity and mole fraction of a 1.00 m solution of acetone (CH3COCH3) dissolved in ethanol (C2H5OH). (Density of acetone = 0.788g/cm3; density of ethanol = 0.789g/cm3.) Assume that the final volume equals the sum of the volumes of acetone and ethanol.

A forensic chemist is given a white solid that is suspected of being pure cocaine C17H21NO4( molar mass 5 303.36 g/mol). She dissolves 1.22±0.01g of the solid in 15.60±0.01g of benzene. The freezing point is lowered by 1.32±0.048°C.

a. What is the molar mass of the substance? Assuming that the percentage of uncertainty in the calculated molar mass is the same as the percentage of uncertainty in the temperature change, calculate the uncertainty in the molar mass.

b. Could the chemist unequivocally state that the substance is cocaine? For example, is the uncertainty small enough to distinguish cocaine from codeine (C18H21NO3, molar mass 5 299.37)?

c. Assuming that the absolute uncertainties in the measurements of temperature and mass remain unchanged, how could the chemist improve the precision of her results?

The lattice energy of NaI is -686 kJ/mol, and the enthalpy of hydration is -694 kJ/mol. Calculate the enthalpy of solution per mole of solid NaI. Describe the process to which this enthalpy change applies.

Rationalize the temperature dependence of the solubility of a gas in terms of the kinetic molecular theory.

You and your friend are each drinking cola from separate 2-L bottles. Both colas are equally carbonated. You can drink 1 L of cola, but your friend can drink only about half a liter. You each close the bottles, and place them in the refrigerator. The next day when you each go to get the colas, whose will be more carbonated and why?
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