Question

Consider Fig. 17.8. Suppose that instead of having a nonvolatile solute in the solvent in one beaker, the two beakers have different volatile liquids. That is, suppose one beaker contains liquid $\mathbf{\text{A}}\mathbf{(}{\mathbf{P}}_{\mathbf{\text{vap}}}\mathbf{=}\mathbf{50}$torr ) and the other beaker contains liquid B $(P_{\text{vap}}=100$torr ). Explain what happens as time passes. How is this similar to the first case shown in the figure? How is it different?

Short answer

Movement of liquid from B to A happens.

Step-by-step solution

Osmosis

Osmosis is the spontaneous movement of water molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration occurs.

$\pi =\text{M}\times \text{R}\times \text{T}$

where$\pi$ is the osmotic pressure in atmospheres, M is the molarity of the solute, R is the gas law constant, and T is the Kelvin temperature.

Vapour pressure

The movement of molecules will occur from higher vapor pressure to lower vapor pressure until an equilibrium is reached since osmotic pressure depends on the solute concentration.