Question

Draw all the structural and geometric (cis-trans) isomers of ${\mathbf{\text{C}}}_{\mathbf{3}}{\mathbf{\text{H}}}_{\mathbf{5}}\mathbf{\text{Cl}}$.

Short answer

The structural isomers are:

The geometric isomers are:

Step-by-step solution

Definition of isomerism.

Isomerism refers to the presence of molecules with the same number of atoms of the same type (and hence the same formula) but different chemical and physical characteristics.

All the structural isomers of C3H5Cl.

The structural isomers are having a similar number of atoms but all are different compounds.

Here, all the four compounds have atoms arranged differently and therefore they have all the physical and chemical properties different.

The geometric (cis-trans) isomers of C3H5Cl are:

Here, both the compounds have atoms bonded similarly. But the two bulky groups on the doubly-bonded carbon atoms are one time on the opposite side (TRANS) and one time on the similar side (CIS).

Therefore, these are geometric isomers.