Question

Name each of the following alkanes.

Short answer

a. 2,2-dibromo-3-methylpentane

b. 4-ethyl-3-iodo-2-methylhexane

c. 4-fluoro-2-methylnonane

Step-by-step solution

Rules for naming alkanes

Rules for naming alkanes:

Find the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms, and use the name of this chain as the base name.

Number the longest chain so that the substituent’s get the smallest numbers.

Name the substituent groups attached to the longest chain as alkyl groups and determine their position.

Combine location and name of each substituent with the base name.

(a) IUPAC naming of given compound

The longest continuous chain has 5 carbon atoms.

We can see two bromine atoms at position 2, and at position 3 is methyl.

Combining the base name with the names and positions of the substituents we get the name 2,2 -dibromo-3-methylpentane.

Hence, the above alkanes is 2,2-dibromo-3-methylpentane.

(b) IUPAC naming of given compound

The longest continuous chain has 6 carbon atoms.

We can see methyl group at the position 2 an iodine atom at the position 3, and ethyl group at position 3.

Combining the base name with the names and positions of the substituents we get the name 4 -ethyl-3-iodo-2-methylhexane.

Hence, the above alkanes is 4-ethyl-3-iodo-2-methylhexane.

(c) IUPAC naming of given compound

The longest continuous chain has 9 carbon atoms.

In this molecule, we have two substituents, fluorine, and methyl at positions 2 and 4 .

Combining the basic name with the names and positions of the substituents we get the name 4 -fluoro-2.methylnonane.

Hence, the above alkanes is 4-fluoro-2-methylnonane.