Question

Explain the following relationships: AG and w, cell potential and w, cell potential and AG, cell potential and Q.Using these relationships, explain how you could make acell in which both electrodes are the same metal and both solutions contain the same compound, but at different concentrations. How could this cell run spontaneously?

Short answer

The relationship between work done and Gibbs free energy, cell potential and work done, reaction quotient needs to be explained.

Step-by-step solution

Definition of cell potential

The maximum electrical work gets from electrochemical cell by$\Delta G$is called cell potential. The relationship can be denoted as,

$\Delta G=-nF{E^o}_{cell}$

When there is negative $\Delta G,$there is more cell potential.

Cell potential in which work done equal to change in free energy

The maximum work done can be equal to the free energy change. The cell potential can be denoted as,

$\begin{array}{c}{W}_{max}=\Delta G\\ =-q{E}_{max}\\ \Delta G=-nFG\\ E=E^o-\frac{RT}{nF}ln\left(Q\right)\end{array}$

Concentration cell and difference

The cell in which both compartments have same but different concentration called concentration cell. The differences in concentrationare the main factor for the production of cell potential and small voltage