Chapter 11: Q7DQ (page 435)
You are told that metal A is a better reducing agent thanmetal B. What, if anything, can be said about A+ compared with B+? Explain.
The nature of A+ should be compared to B+ when A is good reducing agent than B.
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The overall reaction and equilibrium constant value fora hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell at 298 K is
a. Calculate Eo andat 298 K for the fuel-cellreaction.
b. Predict the signs offor the fuel-cellreaction.
c. As temperature increases, does the maximumamount of work obtained from the fuel-cell reactionincrease, decrease, or remain the same? Explain.
A standard galvanic cell is constructed so that the overall
cell reaction is
2Al31(aq) 1 3M(s) 88n 3M21(aq) 1 2Al(s)
where M is an unknown metal. If DG8 5 2411 kJ for
the overall cell reaction, identify the metal used to construct
the standard cell.
Critical Thinking
What if you are told that Eยฐ = 0 for an electrolytic cell? Does this mean the cells are โdead"? What if E = 0? Explain your answer in each case.
Zirconium is one of the few metals that retains its structural integrity upon radiation exposure. For this reason, the fuel rods in most nuclear reactors are made of zirconium. Answer the following questions about the redox properties of zirconium based on the half-reaction
a. Is zirconium metal capable of reducing water to form hydrogen gas at standard conditions?
b. Write a balanced equation for the reduction of water by zirconium metal.
c. Calculate and Kfor the reduction of water by zirconium metal.
d. The reduction of water by zirconium occurred during the accident at Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania, in 1979. The hydrogen produced was successfully
vented and no chemical explosion occurred. If 1.00 3 103 kg of Zr reacts, what mass of H2 is produced? What volume of H2 at 1.0 atm and 10000C is produced?
e. At Chernobyl, USSR, in 1986, hydrogen was produced by the reaction of superheated steam with the graphite reactor core:
A chemical explosion involving hydrogen gas did occur at Chernobyl. In light of this fact, do you think it was a correct decision to vent the hydrogen
and other radioactive gases into the atmosphere at Three Mile Island? Explain.
What if you want to "plate out" copper metal from an aqueous Cu2+ solution? Use Table 18.1 to determine several metals you can place in the solution to plate copper metal from the solution. Defend your choices. Why can Zn not be plated out from an aqueous solution of using the choices in Table 18.1?
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