Question

Predict the hybrid orbitals used by the sulfur atom(s) in each of the following. Also predict the molecular structure, including bond angle(s).

1. $\mathit{S}{\mathit{O}}_{\mathbf{2}}$
2. $\mathit{S}{\mathit{O}}_{\mathbf{3}}$
3. ${\mathit{S}}_{\mathbf{2}}{{\mathbf{O}}_{\mathbf{3}}}^{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{-}}$
4. ${\mathit{S}}_{\mathbf{2}}{{\mathbf{O}}_{\mathbf{8}}}^{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{-}}$
5. $\mathit{S}{{\mathbf{O}}_{\mathbf{3}}}^{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{-}}$
6. $\mathit{S}{{\mathbf{O}}_{\mathbf{4}}}^{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{-}}$
7. $\mathit{S}{\mathit{F}}_{\mathbf{2}}$
8. $\mathit{S}{\mathit{F}}_{\mathbf{4}}$
9. $\mathit{S}{\mathit{F}}_{\mathbf{6}}$
10. $\mathit{F}{\mathit{S}}_{\mathbf{3}}\mathbf{-}\mathit{F}\mathit{S}$

Short answer

species	Hybridization of sulphur atom	Molecular structure	Bond angle
$S{O}_2$	$s{p}^2$	Bent or V shaped	$<120°$
$S{O}_3$	$s{p}^2$	Trigonal planar	$120°$
$S_2{O_3}^{2-}$	$s{p}^3$	tetrahedral	$109.5°$
$S_2{O_8}^{2-}$	$s{p}^3$	Tetrahedral	$109.5°$
$S{O_3}^{2-}$	$s{p}^2$	Trigonalbipyramidal	$120°$,$90°$
$S{O_4}^{2-}$	$s{p}^3$	Tetrahedral	$109.5°$
$S{F}_2$	$s{p}^3$	V-shape	$<109.5°$
$S{F}_4$	$s{p}^3$	tetrahedral	$109.5°$
$S{F}_6$	$s{p}^3{d}^2$	octahedral	$90°$
$F{S}_3-FS$	$s{p}^{3}d$	See -saw	$\alpha =120°$, $\beta =90°$,$\gamma =180°$

Step-by-step solution

Step 1: SO2

The molecular structure of $S{O}_2$is bent or V shaped. Hybridization is $s{p}^2$. The bond angle is $120°$.

Step 2:  SO3

The molecular structure of $S{O}_3$is trigonal planar. Hybridization is $s{p}^2$. The bond angle is $<120°$.

Step 3:  S2O32-

The molecular structure of $S_2{O_3}^{2-}$is tetrahedral. Hybridization is $s{p}^3$. The bond angle is $109.5°$.

Step 4:  S2O82-

The molecular structure of $S_2{O_8}^{2-}$ is tetrahedral. Hybridization is $s{p}^3$. The bond angle is $109.5°$.

Step 5: SO32-

The molecular structure of $S{O_3}^{2-}$is trigonalpyramindal. Hybridization is $s{p}^3$. The bond angle is $109.5°$.

Step 6:  SO42-

The molecular structure of $S{O_4}^{2-}$ is tetrahedral. Hybridization is $s{p}^3$. The bond angle is $109.5°$.

Step 7:  SF2

The molecular structure of $S{F}_2$is V-shape. Hybridization is $s{p}^3$. The bond angle is $<109.5°$.

Step 8:  SF4

The molecular structure of $S{F}_4$is sea-saw. Hybridization is $s{p}^{3}d$. The bond angle is $120°$.

Step 9:  SF6

The molecular structure of $S{F}_6$ is octahedral. Hybridization is $s{p}^3{d}^2$. The bond angle is $90°$.

Step 10: FS3-FS

The molecular structure of $F{S}_3-FS$is sea-saw. Hybridization is $s{p}^{3}d$. The bond angle is $\alpha =120°$, $\beta =90°$and $\gamma =180°$.