Chapter 2: Q8DQ (page 46)
One of the best indications of a useful theory is that it raises more questions for furtherexperimentation than it originally answered. Is this true of Dalton's atomic theory? Giveexamples.
Yes, this is true of Dalton’s atomic theory.
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Each of the following compounds has three possible names listed for it. For each compound, what is the correct name and why aren't the other names used?
a.: nitrogen oxide, nitrogen(I) oxide, dinitrogen monoxide
b.: copper oxide, copper(l) oxide, dicopper monoxide
c. : lithium oxide, lithium(I) oxide, dilithium monoxide
Question:The designations 1A through 8A used for certain families of the periodic table are helpful forpredicting the charges on ions in binary ionic compounds. In these compounds, the metals generally take on a positive charge equal to the family number, and the non-metals take on a negative charge equal to the family number minus 8. Thus the compound formed from sodium and chlorine contains Nat and Cl ions and has the formula Nacl. Predict the formula and the name of the binary compound formed from the following pairs of elements.
a. Ca and N
b. K and O
C. Rb and F
d. Mg and S
e. Ba and I
f. Al and Se
g. Cs and P
h. In and Br
You have gone back in time and are working with Dalton on a table of relative masses. Following are his data:
0.602g gas A reacts with 0.295g gasB
0.172 g gas B reacts with 0.401 g gasC
0.320 g gas A reacts with 0.374g gas C
a. Assuming simplest formulas (AB,BC, and AC), construct a table of relative masses for Dalton.
b. Knowing some history of chemistry, you tell Dalton that if he determines the volumes of the gases reacted at constant temperature and pressure, he need not assume simplest formulas. You collect the following data:
Explaining your reasoning.
Q.6. You have a chemical in a sealed glass container filled with air. The setup is sitting on a balance, as shown. The chemical is ignited by means of a magnifying glass focusing sunlight on there actant. After the chemical has completely burned, which of the following is true? Explain your answer.
a. The balance will read less than 250.0 g.
b. The balance will read 250.0 g.
c. The balance will read greater than 250.0 g.
d. Cannot be determined without knowing the identity of the chemical.
250.0g
You have two distinct gaseous compounds made from element X and element Y. The mass percents are as follows:
Compound I:
Compound II:
In their natural standard states, element X and element Y exist as gases. (Monoatomic?Diatomic?Triatomic? That is for you to determine.) When you react "gas Y" to make the products, you get the following data (all at standard pressure and temperature):
1.
2.
Assume the simplest possible formulas for reactants and products in these chemical equations. Then determine the relative atomic masses of element X and element Y.
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