Question

Q.30.Do the proton and the neutron have exactly the same mass? How do the masses of the proton and the neutron compare with the mass of the electron? Which particles make the greatest contribution to the mass of an atom? Which particles make the greatest contribution to the chemical properties of an atom?

Short answer

Answer

The mass of a proton or neutron is 1830 times greater than an electron. Particles like neutron and proton make a high contribution to atoms’ mass. The particle which has a greater contribution to the chemical properties is an electron.

Step-by-step solution

Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Interpretation of proton and neutron have the same mass

The mass of the proton and neutron are 1.67262 x 10^-27kg and 1.67493 x 10^-27kg. Protons and neutrons do not have the same mass. Neutron has a larger mass compared to proton.

Masses of the proton and the neutron compared with the mass of the electron

The mass of an electron is The comparison of mass of proton or neutron with electron can be denoted as:

$$\begin{gathered} \frac{Proton}{Electron}=\frac{1.67262\times {10}^{-27}kg}{9.10939\times {10}^{-31}kg} \\ \frac{Proton}{Electron}=1.83615\times {10}^3 \\ \frac{Neutron}{Electron}=\frac{1.67493\times {10}^{-27}kg}{9.10939\times {10}^{-31}kg} \\ \frac{Neutron}{Electron}=1.83868\times {10}^{3}kg \end{gathered}$$

The mass of a proton or neutron is 1830 times greater than an electron.

Particles make the greatest contribution to the mass of an atom

The mass of a proton and neutron is large than an electron. The atom’s mass is equal to the mass of neutrons and protons. Particles like neutrons and protons make a high contribution to atoms’ mass.

Particles make the greatest contribution to the chemical properties of an atom

The electrons leave most of the atomic volume. The electrons occupied by the atom will affect the other atomic interactions. The effect of number and electron arrangement leads by the atom’s chemical properties. Hence, electrons make a high contribution to chemical properties.