Problem 1
What is meant by intermediary metabolism?
Problem 2
Differentiate between anabolism and catabolism.
Problem 3
While walking to biochemistry class with a friend, you see the following graffiti spray painted on the wall of the science building: "When a system is in equilibrium, the Gibbs free energy is maximum." You are disgusted, not only at the vandalism, but at the ignorance of the vandal. Your friend asks you to explain. How do you respond?
Problem 4
What are the three primary uses for cellular energy?
Problem 5
Match the terms in the two columns. (a) Cellular energy currency _____ (b) Anabolic electron carrier _____ (c) Phototroph _____ (d) Catabolic electron carrier _____ (e) Oxidation-reduction reaction _____ (f) Activated carrier of two-carbon fragments _____ (g) Vitamin _____ (h) Anabolism _____ (i) Amphibolic reaction _____ (j) Catabolism _____ 1\. \(\mathrm{NAD}^{+}\) 2\. Coenzyme A 3\. Precursor to coenzymes 4\. Yields energy 5\. Requires energy 6\. ATP 7\. Transfers electrons 8\. \(\mathrm{NADP}^{+}\) 9\. Converts light energy into chemical energy 10\. Used in anabolism and catabolism
Problem 6
What factors account for the high phosphoryl-transfer potential of nucleoside triphosphates?
Problem 7
Why does it make good sense to have a single nucleotide, ATP, function as the cellular energy currency?
Problem 9
The standard free energy of hydrolysis for ATP is \(-30.5 \mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\left(-7.3 \mathrm{kcal} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\right):\) What conditions might be changed to alter the free energy of hydrolysis?
Problem 15
Metabolic pathways frequently contain reactions with positive standard free- energy values, yet the reactions still take place. How is it possible?
Problem 16
What is the structural feature common to ATP, FAD, \(\mathrm{NAD}^{+},\) and CoA?
