Problem 28
What are the major similarities and differences between ATP synthesis in chloroplasts, as compared with mitochondria?
Problem 33
Suppose that a prokaryotic organism that contains both chlorophyll \(a\) and chlorophyll \(b\) has been discovered. Comment on the evolutionary implications of such a discovery.
Problem 36
Name some other metabolic pathways that have reactions similar to those of the dark reactions of photosynthesis.
Problem 38
If photosynthesizing plants are grown in the presence of \(^{14} \mathrm{CO}_{2},\) is every carbon atom of the glucose that is produced labeled with the radioactive carbon? Why or why not?
Problem 39
Rubisco has a very low turnover number, about \(3 \mathrm{CO}_{2}\) per second. What might this low number tell us about the evolution of rubisco?
Problem 40
What key aspects of chloroplasts (and mitochondria) are consistent with the theory that they may have once been bacteria? List three specific features.
Problem 43
Does the whole Calvin cycle represent carbon dioxide fixation? Why or why not?
Problem 47
How does photosynthesis in \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plants differ from the process in \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) plants?
Problem 48
What is photorespiration?
