Question

Water is a polar solvent and carbon tetrachloride $\left(CC{l}_4\right)$is a nonpolar solvent. In which solvent is each of the following, which is found or used in the body, more likely to be soluble?

a. $CaC{O}_3$(calcium supplement), ionic

b. retinol (vitamin A), nonpolar

c. sucrose (table sugar), polar

d. cholesterol (lipid), nonpolar

Short answer

(a) $CaC{O}_3$(Calcium supplement), ionic substance and is Soluble in water.

(b) Retinol (Vitamin A), nonpolar and is soluble in Carbon tetrachloride $\left(CC{I}_4\right)$

(c) Sucrose (Table sugar), polar and that is soluble in water.

(d) Cholesterol (lipid), non-polar substance and is soluble in Carbon tetrachloride$\left(CC{I}_4\right)$.

Step-by-step solution

Introduction.

Two hydrogen atoms and one electronegative oxygen atom make up the water molecule. Because of the variation in electronegativity values, every hydrogen atom acquires a slightly positive charge, while the oxygen atom acquires a partial negative charge.

Water is a polar solvent that dissolves polar substances, while CCl4is a non-polar solvent, and it dissolves non-polar solutes in it. Remember the phrase," Like dissolves like".

Carbon Tetrachloride.

There are four $C-Cl$bonds in carbon tetrachloride $\left(CC{I}_4\right)$. Because of the high difference in electronegativity between both the $C$and $CI$atoms, also every $C-Cl$bond is polar. Because of the molecule's tetrahedral structure, its own resultant dipole moment is zero. As a result, carbon tetrachloride is a nonpolar solvent which only dissolves nonpolar substances.

Given Information (part a).

Water is a polar solvent and carbon tetrachloride is a Non polar solvent.

Find the Calcium supplement$\left(CaC{O}_3\right)$, ionicis soluble or not.

Explanation (part a).

$CaC{O}_3$is an ionic compound that is water soluble.

Given Information (part b).

Water is a polar solvent and carbon tetrachloride is a Non polar solvent.
To find the Retinol (Vitamin A),Non-polar is soluble or not.

Explanation (part b).

Retinol is a nonpolar compound that is soluble in carbon tetrachloride.

Given Information (part c).

Water is a polar solvent and carbon tetrachloride is a Non polar solvent.
To Know the sucrose (table sugar), polar is soluble or not.

Explanation (part c).

Sucrose is a polar compound that is water soluble.

Given Information (part d).

Water is a polar solvent and carbon tetrachloride is a Non polar solvent.
To find out the Cholesterol (Lipid), non-polar is soluble or not.

Explanation (part d).

Cholesterol is a nonpolar substance that dissolves in carbon tetrachloride.