Question

Identify each of the following atoms or ions:$(6.1)$

Short answer

a. It is a Lithium$\left({\mathrm{Li}}^{+}\right)$ ion.

b. It is a Hydrogen$\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+}\right)$ ion.

c. It is a Lithium$\left(\mathrm{Li}\right)$ atom.

d. It is a Nitrogen$\left({\mathrm{N}}^{3-}\right)$ ion.

Step-by-step solution

Part(a) Step 1: Given information

We need to find out which atom or an ion the given species is.

Part(a) Step 2: Explanation

Ions are electrically charged particles that originate when atoms lose or receive electrons in order to form a stable electron configuration.

In an atom, number of protons is same as number of electrons.

Given species have $3$protons which means it's atomic number is $3$. But it have $1$less electron. Therefore, it is a Lithium $\left({\mathrm{Li}}^{+}\right)$ion.

Part(b) Step 1: Given information

We need to find out which atom or an ion the given species is.

Part(b) Step 2: Explanation

Ions are electrically charged particles that originate when atoms lose or receive electrons in order to form a stable electron configuration.

In an atom, number of protons is same as number of electrons.

Given species have $1$proton which means it's atomic number is $1$. But it have $0$electron. Therefore, it is a Hydrogen $\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+}\right)$ion.

Part(c) Step 1: Given information

We need to find out which atom or an ion the given species is.

Part(c) Step 2: Explanation

Ions are electrically charged particles that originate when atoms lose or receive electrons in order to form a stable electron configuration.

In an atom, number of protons is same as number of electrons.

Given species have $3$protons which means it's atomic number is $3$and it have $3$electrons also. Therefore, it is a Lithium $\left(\mathrm{Li}\right)$atom.

Part(d) Step 1: Given information

We need to find out which atom or an ion the given species is.

Part(d) Step 2: Explanation

Ions are electrically charged particles that originate when atoms lose or receive electrons in order to form a stable electron configuration.

In an atom, number of protons is same as number of electrons.

Given species have $7$protons which means it's atomic number is $7$. But it have $3$more electrons. Therefore, it is a Nitrogen $\left({\mathrm{N}}^{3-}\right)$ion.