Question

Indicate whether ench of the following would be a substrate $\left(S\right)$or an enzyme $\left(E\right):$$(16.4)$

$a.$lactose

$b.$lipase

$c.$amylase

$d.$trypsin

$e.$pyruvate

$f.$transaminase

Short answer

( Part a )Lactose - Substrate (lactase hydrolyzes lactose)

( Part b ) Lipase - Enzyme (Hydrolyzes lipids)

( Part c ) Amylase - Enzyme (hydrolyze amylose)

( Part d ) Trypsin - Enzyme (hydrolyzes proteins)

( Part e ) Pyruvate - Substrate (glucose is converted into pyruvate during glycolysis)

( Part f ) Transaminase - Enzyme (catalyse transamination reaction)

Step-by-step solution

Introduction.( Part a ) 

-- Enzymes are proteins that catalyse processes by reducing the reaction's activation energy.

-- An multinational committee developed a system for naming enzymes depending on their function.

-- The suffix -ase is added to the end of each enzyme's name.

-- There are several exceptions, such as pepsin, trypsin, and renin.

Given Information (part a).

Determine whether lactose is a substrate or an enzyme lactose.

  Step 3: Explanation (part a).

Lactose - Substrate (lactase hydrolyzes lactose)

Given Information (part b).

Find out if lactose is a substrate or a lipase enzyme.

Explanation (part b).

Enzyme Lipase (Hydrolyzes lipids)

Given Information (part c).

Determine if lactose is a substrate or an amylase enzyme.

Explanation (part c).

Enzyme Amylase (hydrolyze amylose)

Given Information (part d).

Determine whether lactose is a trypsin substrate or an enzyme.

Explanation (part d).

Enzyme Trypsin (hydrolyzes proteins)

Given Information (part e).

Determine whether lactose is an enzyme pyruvate or a substrate.

Explanation (part e).

Substrate Pyruvate (glucose is converted into pyruvate during glycolysis)

Given Information (part f).

Determine whether lactose is a transaminase substrate or an enzyme.

Explanation (part f).

Enzyme Transaminase (catalyse transamination reaction)

Given Information

Among the various enzyme categories are:

- Hydrolase enzymes (carryout hydrolysis reactions,protease, lipase, nuclease, phosphatases)

- Transferase enzymes (transfer a group betweencompounds,kinases, transaminases)

- Oxidoreductases (oxidation-reduction reaction,oxidases, reductases, dehydrogenases)

- Lyases (add or remove groups involving double bonds, but does not include hydrolysis,carboxylases, deaminases)

- Ligases (connect two molecules by using ATP,synthetases)

- Isomerase enzymes (rearrange atoms in a molecule,Isomerases, epimerases)

Explanation 

Explanation.

Lactose - Substrate (lactase hydrolyzes lactose)

Lipase - Enzyme (Hydrolyzes lipids)

Amylase - Enzyme (hydrolyze amylose)

Trypsin - Enzyme (hydrolyzes proteins)

Pyruvate - Substrate (glucose is converted into pyruvate during glycolysis)

Transaminase - Enzyme (catalyse transamination reaction)