Question

Draw the condensed structural formulas and give the IUPAC names for all the aldehydes and ketones that have the formula ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{10}\mathrm{O}$.$\left(12.3\right)$

Short answer

The condensed structural formulas of all the alcohols having the formula ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{10}\mathrm{O}$are:

The first aldehyde

$2-\mathrm{methyl}-\mathrm{butanal}$

$3-\mathrm{methyl}-\mathrm{butanal}$

$2,2-\mathrm{dimethyl}-\mathrm{propanal}$

$2-\mathrm{pentanone}$

$3-\mathrm{pentane}$

$3-\mathrm{methyl}-2-\mathrm{butanal}$

Step-by-step solution

Given Information 

We need to draw the structure of $C_2{H}_{10}O$.

Simplify 

The first aldehyde is pentanal and its structure is:

The second aldehyde is $2-\mathrm{methyl}-\mathrm{butanal}$and its structural formula is:

The third aldehyde is $3-\mathrm{methyl}-\mathrm{butanal}$and its structural formula is:

The fourth aldehyde is $2,2-\mathrm{dimethyl}-\mathrm{propanal}$and its structural formula is:

The ketones. The first one will be $2-\mathrm{pentanone}$and its structural formula is:

The second one is $3-\mathrm{pentane}$and its structural formula is:

The third ketone is $3-\mathrm{methyl}-2-\mathrm{butanal}$and its structural formula is: