Question

Which of the following are correct? 1 acetyl salicyclic is acid is known as aspirin 2 the compound formed in the addition of oxygen to haemoglobin is called oxy haemoglobin 3 chlorophyll is responsible for the synthesis of carbohydrates in plants 4 the metal ion present in vitamin \(\mathrm{B}_{12}\) is \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) (a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 2,3 and 4 (c) 1,2 and 4 (d) 2 and 3 only

Short answer

(a) 1,2 and 3

Step-by-step solution

Verify First Statement

Check if acetylsalicylic acid is known as aspirin. Acetylsalicylic acid is commonly known as aspirin, and it is widely used as a medication to reduce pain, fever, or inflammation. This makes statement 1 correct.

Verify Second Statement

Check what is formed when oxygen is added to hemoglobin. The compound formed when oxygen binds to hemoglobin is oxyhemoglobin and is responsible for transporting oxygen through the blood. Therefore, statement 2 is correct.

Verify Third Statement

Determine if chlorophyll is responsible for the synthesis of carbohydrates in plants. Chlorophyll, through photosynthesis, captures light energy and converts it into carbohydrates, which are the product of the process. Therefore, statement 3 is correct.

Verify Fourth Statement

Identify the metal ion present in Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 contains a cobalt ion, not magnesium ( Mg^{2+} ). Therefore, statement 4 is incorrect.

Identify Correct Combination

Based on the verification of each statement, we can see that statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct, while statement 4 is incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer choice is (a) 1, 2, and 3.

Key concepts

Acetylsalicylic Acid

Acetylsalicylic acid, more popularly known as aspirin, is a widely used medication capable of alleviating pain, reducing fever, and decreasing inflammation. This versatile compound has roots in both history and biotechnology due to its effectiveness.

Aspirin belongs to a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Its primary mechanism of action is inhibiting the production of certain chemicals in the body known as prostaglandins. These are responsible for increasing inflammation and pain signals.

When consumed, aspirin is metabolized in the body, effectively providing relief. Its discovery and use have revolutionized the treatment of common ailments and paved the way for other pain-relieving agents. However, it's essential to use it as directed by medical professionals to avoid side effects.

Hemoglobin and Oxygen Binding

Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that plays a crucial role in transporting oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. When oxygen molecules enter the bloodstream, they bind to the hemoglobin, forming a compound known as oxyhemoglobin.

This process enables efficient oxygen delivery to tissues and organs. Hemoglobin's ability to reversibly bind oxygen is key to its function, allowing it to release oxygen where it's needed most.

Other factors, such as carbon dioxide levels and pH, also influence oxygen's binding and release from hemoglobin, ensuring optimal function. Understanding this complex biological process is vital for comprehending how the body's cells obtain the oxygen required for metabolism and energy.

Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, in the form of carbohydrates. Chlorophyll, a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells, is integral to this procedure.

It specifically absorbs light, primarily in the blue and red wavelengths, and uses this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose. This glucose serves as a source of energy and a building block for growth.

This process not only sustains plant life but also produces oxygen as a byproduct, which is essential for the survival of most life forms on Earth. Thus, chlorophyll and photosynthesis are at the heart of life’s energy cycle.