Question

Which of the following is not an example of addition polymer? (a) polystyrene (b) nylon (c) PVC (d) propylene

Short answer

Nylon is not an addition polymer.

Step-by-step solution

Understand what Addition Polymers are

Addition polymers are formed by the polymerization of monomers with double bonds through a reaction called addition polymerization. These polymers result from the combination of monomers without the loss of any small molecules.

Identify the given options

The given options are: (a) polystyrene, (b) nylon, (c) PVC, and (d) propylene. We need to determine which one of these is not formed through addition polymerization.

Recognize Polymers formed by Addition Polymerization

Polystyrene and PVC are common examples of addition polymers. They are formed by the polymerization of styrene and vinyl chloride monomers, respectively, both of which contain double bonds.

Recognize the Polymer formation of Nylon

Nylon is not formed by addition polymerization. Instead, it is formed through condensation polymerization, which involves the reaction of monomers with the elimination of small molecules like water.

Conclusion from Analysis

Based on the analysis, option (b) nylon is not an example of an addition polymer as it is formed through condensation polymerization.

Key concepts

Polymerization

Polymerization is a chemical process where small molecules, called monomers, are linked together to form a large molecule known as a polymer. These reactions can occur through various mechanisms, with addition and condensation being the most common types. Let's explore these mechanisms further:

• Addition Polymerization: This method involves monomers with double bonds. They connect without losing small molecules. Examples include polystyrene and PVC.
• Condensation Polymerization: In this process, monomers combine and release small molecules like water. This is typical in forming polymers like nylon.

Understanding polymerization helps explain how different polymers are made, influencing their properties and uses.

Monomers

Monomers are the fundamental building blocks of polymers. They are small, simple molecules that can join together in repeating patterns to form more complex structures called polymers. In polymer chemistry, each monomer directly contributes to the structure and properties of the resulting polymer.

• Variety: Monomers can be simple, like ethylene, or more complex, depending on the polymer type desired.
• Functionality: The presence of functional groups in monomers such as \(-OH\) or \(-NH_2\) can significantly affect the polymerization process and the characteristics of the final polymer.

Understanding the role of monomers is crucial to grasping how polymers are synthesized and their vast range of applications.

Condensation Polymerization

Condensation polymerization is a type of polymerization where monomers join together, and in the process, they release small molecules like water, alcohol, or hydrogen chloride. This reaction type contrasts sharply with addition polymerization, where no small molecules are lost.

• Typical Reactions: Often, condensation polymerization involves monomers with two different functional groups, such as a carboxylic acid group \(-COOH\) and an amine group \(-NH_2\).
• Polymer Examples: Nylon is a classic example created through condensation polymerization. Other polymers formed this way include polyesters and polyamides.
• Applications: These polymers are used in various industries, including textiles, where nylon's durability and elasticity make it highly valued.

Mastering the concept of condensation polymerization provides insight into a vast array of synthetic materials and their applications in everyday life.