Question

Match the following $$ \begin{array}{ll} \text { Column-I } & \text { Column-II } \\ \hline \text { (a) Nylon } 6,10 & \text { (p) Polyster } \\ \text { (b) Glyptal } & \text { (q) Polyamide } \\ \text { (c) Teflon } & \text { (r) Condensation polymer } \\ \text { (d) Bakelite } & \text { (s) Addition polymer } \\ & \text { (t) Novolac is obtained before } \\ \text { the final polymer } \end{array} $$

Short answer

(a) - (q), (b) - (r), (c) - (s), (d) - (t)

Step-by-step solution

Understand Matching Concept

In this problem, we need to match items from Column-I with the most appropriate option in Column-II based on the characteristics and type of polymers. We will evaluate each item in Column-I to determine the correct match from Column-II.

Evaluate Option (a)

(a) Nylon 6,10 is a type of polyamide. Polyamides are polymers that have amide bonds and are typically formed by the polymerization of diamine and dicarboxylic acid. This matches with (q) Polyamide in Column-II.

Evaluate Option (b)

(b) Glyptal is a type of alkyd resin and is known as a condensation polymer formed by the reaction between a polyol and a polyacid anhydride. This matches with (r) Condensation polymer in Column-II.

Evaluate Option (c)

(c) Teflon is made from tetrafluoroethylene, and it forms through addition polymerization, specifically a radical polymerization process. This matches with (s) Addition polymer in Column-II.

Evaluate Option (d)

(d) Bakelite is a phenol-formaldehyde resin and is classified as a condensation polymer. During Bakelite formation, novolac is produced as an intermediate product before reaching the final polymer. This matches with (t) Novolac is obtained before the final polymer in Column-II.

Key concepts

Nylon 6,10

Nylon 6,10 is a well-known member of the nylon family, serving as an example of a polyamide. Polyamides are polymers that incorporate amide bonds in their structure. Typically, they are synthesized through a process called polymerization, where monomers, such as a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid, react to form long chains.

In the case of Nylon 6,10, its formation involves two specific monomers: hexamethylene diamine and sebacoyl chloride or sebacic acid. The resulting polymer exhibits excellent thermal and chemical resistance, making it useful in textiles, automotive parts, and industrial applications.

• Polymerization: Involves the reaction of two different types of monomers.
• Properties: Durability, versatility, and high strength.

Glyptal

Glyptal is an example of an alkyd resin, which is classified as a type of polyester resin. It falls under the category of condensation polymers. Condensation polymerization involves the combination of monomers with the loss of small molecules such as water or methanol.

Glyptal is crafted through the reaction of glycerol (a polyol) and phthalic anhydride (a polyacid anhydride). This polymer is particularly known for creating robust and durable coatings.

• Synthesis: Results from the reaction between a polyol and a polyacid anhydride.
• Applications: Used in paints and surface coatings for electrical components, providing insulation and protection.

Teflon

Teflon, scientifically recognized as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), is a product of addition polymerization. Addition polymers form when monomers add to each other without the loss of any molecule. Teflon is produced from tetrafluoroethylene through a process known as radical polymerization.

This polymer is renowned for its exceptional non-stick and heat-resistant properties, making it ideal for use in cookware, sealing applications, and insulating materials.

• Polymerization Process: Involves the linking of monomers into a continuous chain without by-products.
• Characteristics: Chemically inert, with high melting point and low friction.

Bakelite

Bakelite represents one of the earliest types of synthetic polymers. It is a form of phenol-formaldehyde resin and belongs to the family of condensation polymers. The creation of Bakelite involves a polycondensation reaction between phenol and formaldehyde.

During the process, novolac is initially formed as an intermediate product before Bakelite reaches its final, thermosetting state. This polymer is valuable for its thermal stability and electrical insulating properties.

• Formation: Involves an initial step where novolac is created before the thermosetting phase.
• Uses: Common in electrical insulators, household items, and as a precursor to molding compounds.