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Chapter 8: Q. 8-17E (page 428)

Question:Johnny Football Shop began operations on January 2, 2017. The following stock record card for footballs was taken from the records at the end of the year.

Units Unit Invoice Gross Invoice

Date Voucher Terms Received Cost Amount

1/15 10624 Net 30 50 \(20 \)1,000

3/15 11437 1/5, net 30 65 16 1,040

6/20 21332 1/10, net 30 90 15 1,350

9/12 27644 1/10, net 30 84 12 1,008

11/24 31269 1/10, net 30 76 11 836

Totals 365 $5,234

A physical inventory on December 31, 2017, reveals that 100 footballs were in stock. The bookkeeper informs you that all thediscounts were taken. Assume that Johnny Football Shop uses the invoice price less discount for recording purchases.

Instructions

(a) Compute the December 31, 2017, inventory using the FIFO method.

(b) Compute the 2017 cost of goods sold using the LIFO method.

(c) What method would you recommend to the owner to minimize income taxes in 2017, using the inventory informationfor footballs as a guide?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The value of ending inventory under FIFO and LIFO are $1,112.76 and $1,792, respectively. The LIFO method would fetch less net income and consequently fewer taxes.

Step by step solution

01

Value of ending inventory using FIFO

Date

Gross Invoice Amount

Discount Value

Net Invoice Amount

1/15

$1000

-

$1,000

3/15

$1,040

$10..4

$1029.6

6/20

$1,350

$13.5

$1336.5

9/12

$1,008

$10.08

$997.92

11/24

$836

$8.36

$827.64

Total

$42.34

$5191.66

Costofendinginventory(basedonFIFO)=NetvalueofDec11purchase+NetvalueofDec9purchasefor24units=(76×11-1%)+(24×12-1%)=$827.64+$285.12=$1,112.76

02

Computation of cost of goods sold using LIFO

Date

Gross Invoice Amount

Discount Value

Net Invoice Amount

1/15

$1000

-

$1,000

3/15

$1,040

$10..4

$1029.6

6/20

$1,350

$13.5

$1336.5

9/12

$1,008

$10.08

$997.92

11/24

$836

$8.36

$827.64

Total

$42.34

$5191.66


Costofendinginventory(basedonLIFO)=NetvalueofDec1purchase+NetvalueofDec3purchasefor24units=(50×20)+(50×16-1%)=$1,000+$792=$1,792


Costofgoods(basedonLIFO)=TotalNetvaluepurchase-costofendinginventory=$5,234+$1,792=$3,442

03

Inventory valuation method to minimize taxes

Under the FIFO method, the cost of goods sold is valued at the historic cost. Whereas in the LIFO method, the COGS is valued at the current prices. So the COGs would be highest under the LIFO method, and the net profit would be lower.

Thus, the owner should use the LIFO method to minimize the taxes.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Oasis Company has used the dollar-value LIFO method for inventory cost determination for many years. The following data were extracted from Oasis’ records.

Price Ending Inventory Ending Inventory

Date Index at Base Prices at Dollar-Value LIFO

December 31, 2017 105 \(92,000 \)92,600

December 31, 2018 ? 97,000 98,350

Instructions

Calculate the index used for 2018 that yielded the above results.

Some of the transactions of Torres Company during August are listed below. Torres uses the periodic inventory method.

August 10 Purchased merchandise on account, \(12,000, terms 2/10, n/30.

13 Returned part of the purchase of August 10, \)1,200, and received

credit on account.

15 Purchased merchandise on account, \(16,000, terms 1/10, n/60.

25 Purchased merchandise on account, \)20,000, terms 2/10, n/30.

28 Paid invo

ice of August 15 in full.

Instructions

(a) Assuming that purchases are recorded at gross amounts and that discounts are to be recorded when taken:

(1) Prepare general journal entries to record the transactions.

(2) Describe how the various items would be shown in the financial statements.

(b) Assuming that purchases are recorded at net amounts and that discounts lost are treated as financial expenses:

(1) Prepare general journal entries to enter the transactions.

(2) Prepare the adjusting entry necessary on August 31 if financial statements are to be prepared at that time.

(3) Describe how the various items would be shown in the financial statements.

(c) Which of the two methods do you prefer and why?

You are the vice president of finance of Sandy Alomar Corporation, a retail company that prepared two different schedules of gross margin for the first quarter ended March 31, 2017. These schedulesappear below.

Sales Cost of Gross

(\(5 per unit) Goods Sold Margin

Schedule 1 \)150,000 \(124,900 \)25,100

Schedule 2 150,000 129,400 20,600

The computation of cost of goods sold in each schedule is based on the following data.

Cost Total

Units per Unit Cost

Beginning inventory, January 1 10,000 \(4.00 \)40,000

Purchase, January 10 8,000 4.20 33,600

Purchase, January 30 6,000 4.25 25,500

Purchase, February 11 9,000 4.30 38,700

Purchase, March 17 11,000 4.40 48,400

Jane Torville, the president of the corporation, cannot understand how two different gross margins can be computed from thesame set of data. As the vice president of finance, you have explained to Ms. Torville that the two schedules are based on differentassumptions concerning the flow of inventory costs, i.e., FIFO and LIFO. Schedules 1 and 2 were not necessarily prepared inthis sequence of cost flow assumptions.

Instructions

Prepare two separate schedules computing cost of goods sold and supporting schedules showing the composition of the endinginventory under both cost flow assumptions.

Fong Sai-Yuk Company sells one product. Presented below is information for January for Fong Sai-Yuk Company.

Jan. 1 Inventory 100 units at \(5 each

4 Sale 80 units at \)8 each

11 Purchase 150 units at \(6 each

13 Sale 120 units at \)8.75 each

20 Purchase 160 units at \(7 each

27 Sale 100 units at \)9 each

Fong Sai-Yuk uses the FIFO cost flow assumption. All purchases and sales are on account.

Instructions

(a) Assume Fong Sai-Yuk uses a periodic system. Prepare all necessary journal entries, including the end-of-month closingentry to record cost of goods sold. A physical count indicates that the ending inventory for January is 110 units.

(b) Compute gross profit using the periodic system.

(c) Assume Fong Sai-Yuk uses a perpetual system. Prepare all necessary journal entries.

(d) Compute gross profit using the perpetual system.

Case 3: The Kroger Company

The Kroger Company reported the following data in its annual report (in millions).

January 31, February 1, February 2,

2015 2014 2013

Net sales \(108,465 \)98,375 $96,619

Cost of sales (using LIFO) 85,512 78,138 76,726

Year-end inventories using FIFO 6,933 6,801 6,244

Year-end inventories using LIFO 5,688 5,651 5,146

Instructions

(a) Compute Kroger’s inventory turnovers for fiscal years ending January 31, 2015, and February 1, 2014, using:

(1) Cost of sales and LIFO inventory.

(2) Cost of sales and FIFO inventory.

(b) Some firms calculate inventory turnover using sales rather than cost of goods sold in the numerator. Calculate Kroger’s fiscal years ending January 31, 2015, and February 1, 2014, turnover, using:

(1) Sales and LIFO inventory.

(2) Sales and FIFO inventory.

(c) State which method you would choose to evaluate Kroger’s performance. Justify your choice.
See all solutions

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