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Chapter 14: Question 5Q (page 752)

Under what conditions of bond issuance do a discount on bonds payable arise? Under what conditions of bond issuance does a premium on bonds payable arise?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Discounts on bondsarise when the bonds are issued at a coupon rate that is less than the prevailing market interest rate of similar bonds.

Premium on bonds arises when the bonds payable are issued for an amount greater than their face value or maturity amount.

Step by step solution

01

Bonds Payable

Bonds payable are those bonds issued by the company to raise funds, creating a liability. It is borrowings for the company. It is issued at par (face value) or at a premium (more than face value) or a discount (less than face value)

02

Conditions for a rising discount on bonds payable

The current market rate is higher than the interest rate being paid by the issuer, so the investors pay less for the bond in order to derive a higher effective rate of interest on their investment.

Stated Interest rate < Market Interest rate

03

Conditions for the rise of premium on bonds payable

Premium on bonds payable is the excess amount by which bonds are issued over their face value. This is classified as a liability in the books of the issuer and is amortized to interest expense over the remaining life of the bonds.

Stated Interest rate > Market Interest rate

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(b) What type of concessions might a creditor grant the debtor in a troubled-debt situation?

Question: The following information is taken from the 2017 annual report of Bugant, Inc. Bugant’s fiscal year ends December 31 of each year. Bugant’s December 31, 2017, balance sheet is as follows.

Bugant, Inc.

Balance Sheet

December 31, 2017

Assets

Cash \( 450

Inventory 1,800

Total current assets 2,250

Plant and equipment 2,000

Accumulated depreciation (160)

Total assets \)4,090

Liabilities

Bonds payable (net of discount) \(1,426

Stockholders’ equity

Common stock 1,500

Retained earnings 1,164

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity \)4,090

Note X: Long Term Debt:

On January 1, 2016, Bugant issued bonds with face value of \(1,500 and a coupon rate equal to 10%. The bonds were issued to yield 12% and mature on January 1, 2021.

Additional information concerning 2018 is as follows.

  1. Sales were \)3,500, all for cash.
  2. Purchases were \(2,000, all paid in cash.
  3. Salaries were \)700, all paid in cash.
  4. Property, plant, and equipment was originally purchased for \(2,000 and is depreciated straight-line over a 25-year life with no salvage value.
  5. Ending inventory was \)1,900.
  6. Cash dividends of \(100 were declared and paid by Bugant.
  7. Ignore taxes.
  8. The market rate of interest on bonds of similar risk was 12% during all of 2018.
  9. Interest on the bonds is paid semiannually each June 30 and December 31.

Accounting

Prepare a balance sheet for Bugant, Inc. at December 31, 2018, and an income statement for the year ending December 31, 2018. Assume semiannual compounding of the bond interest.

Analysis

Use common ratios for analysis of long-term debt to assess Bugant’s long-run solvency. Has Bugant’s solvency changed much from 2017 to 2018? Bugant’s net income in 2017 was \)550 and interest expense was $169.

Principles

The FASB and the IASB allow companies the option of recognizing in their financial statements the fair values of their long-term debt. That is, companies have the option to change the balance sheet value of their long-term debt to the debt’s fair value and report the change in balance sheet value as a gain or loss in income. In terms of the qualitative characteristics of accounting information (Chapter 2), briefly describe the potential trade-off(s) involved in reporting long-term debt at its fair value.

Question: (Debtor/Creditor Entries for Continuation of Troubled Debt with New Effective Interest)

Crocker Corp. owes D. Yaeger Corp. a 10-year, 10% note in the amount of \(330,000 plus \)33,000 of accrued interest. The note is due today, December 31, 2017. Because Crocker Corp. is in financial trouble, D. Yaeger Corp. agrees to forgive the accrued interest, \(30,000 of the principal, and to extend the maturity date to December 31, 2020. Interest at 10% of revised principal will continue to be due on 12/31 each year.

Assume the following present value factors for 3 periods.

Single sum

0.93543

0.93201

0.92589

0.92521

0.92184

0.91514

Ordinary annuity of 1

2.86989

2.86295

2.85602

2.84913

2.84226

2.82861

Instructions

(a) Compute the new effective-interest rate for Crocker Corp. following restructure. (Hint: Find the interest rate that establishes approximately \)363,000 as the present value of the total future cash flows.)

(b) Prepare a schedule of debt reduction and interest expense for the years 2017 through 2020.

(c) Compute the gain or loss for D. Yaeger Corp. and prepare a schedule of receivable reduction and interest revenue for the years 2017 through 2020.

(d) Prepare all the necessary journal entries on the books of Crocker Corp. for the years 2017, 2018, and 2019.

(e) Prepare all the necessary journal entries on the books of D. Yaeger Corp. for the years 2017, 2018, and 2019.

Question: What is the required method of amortizing discount and premium on bonds payable? Explain the procedures.

What is meant by “accounting symmetry” between the entries recorded by the debtor and creditor in a troubled-debt restructuring involving a modification of terms? In what ways is the accounting for troubled-debt restructurings non-symmetrical?
See all solutions

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