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Generally accepted accounting principles usually require the use of accrual accounting to “fairly present” income. If the cash receipts and disbursements method of accounting will “clearly reflect” taxable income, why does this method not usually also “fairly present” income?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The cash method does not consider the credit perception linked with financial information; hence does not present income fairly.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Accounting Principles

Accounting principles are the milestones that facilitate the business entity to accurately record and maintain its financial information. Such principles contain a set of general rules and basic guidelines.

02

Fairly presentation of income

If a business entity adopts the cash methodfor reporting its income, it will not reflect the accurate outcomes compared to the accrual method.

The accrual method considers both cash and credit perspectives associated with business transactions. The cash method only records a transaction when cash is received or paid.

The accrual method provides income fairly because it reports the transactions irrespective of receipt and payment of cash.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The following account balances were included in the trial balance of Twain Corporation at June 30, 2017.

Sales revenue \(1,578,500

Depreciation expense (office furniture and equipment) \)7,250

Sales discounts \(31,150

Cost of goods sold \)896,770

Property tax expense \(7,320

Salaries and wages expense (sales) \)56,260

Bad debt expense (selling) \(4,850

Sales commissions \)97,600

Maintenance and repairs expense (administration) \(9,130

Travel expense (salespersons) \)28,930

Delivery expense \(21,400

Office expense \)6,000

Entertainment expense \(14,820

Sales returns and allowances \)62,300

Telephone and Internet expense (sales) \(9,030

Dividends received \)38,000

Depreciation expense (sales equipment) \(4,980

Interest expense \)18,000

Maintenance and repairs expense (sales) \(6,200

Income tax expense \)102,000

Miscellaneous selling expenses \(4,715

Depreciation understatement due to error—2014 (net of tax) \)17,700

Office supplies used \(3,450

Telephone and Internet expense (administration) \)2,820

Dividends declared on preferred stock \(9,000

Dividends declared on common stock \)37,000

The Retained Earnings account had a balance of $337,000 at July 1, 2016. There are 80,000 shares of common stock outstanding.

Instructions

(b) Using the single-step form, prepare an income statement and a retained earnings statement for the year ended June 30, 2017.

The non-controlling interest section of the income statement is:

(a) required under GAAP but not under IFRS.

(b) required under IFRS but not under GAAP.

(c) required under IFRS and GAAP.

(d) not reported under GAAP or IFRS.

Tim Mattke Company began operations in 2015 and for simplicity reasons, adopted weighted-average pricing for inventory. In 2017, in accordance with other companies in its industry, Mattke changed its inventory pricing to FIFO. The pretax income data is reported below.

Year Weighted Average FIFO

2015 \(370,000 \)395,000

2016 390,000 \(430,000

2017 410,000 \)450,000

Instructions

  1. What is Mattke’s net income in 2017? Assume a 35% tax rate in all years.
  2. Compute the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle from weighted-average to FIFO inventory pricing.

Show comparative income statements for Tim Mattke Company, beginning with income before income tax, as presented on the 2017 income statement.

What is meant by “tax allocation within a period”? What is the justification for such practice?

How can earnings management affect the quality of earnings?

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