Chapter 4: 1ISTQ (page 198)
Question: Which of the following is not reported in an income statement under IFRS?
(a) Discontinued operations.
(b) Extraordinary items.
(c) Cost of goods sold.
(d) Income tax.
Option b is the correct answer.
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(Income Statement, EPS) Presented below are selected ledger accounts of Tucker Corporation as of December 31, 2017.
Cash $50,000
Administrative expenses 100,000
Selling expenses 80,000
Net sales 540,000
Cost of goods sold 210,000
Cash dividends declared (2017) 20,000
Cash dividends paid (2017) 15,000
Discontinued operations (loss before income taxes) 40,000
Depreciation expense, not recorded in 2016 30,000
Retained earnings, December 31, 2016 90,000
Effective tax rate 30%
Instructions
Bobek Inc. has recently reported steadily increasing income. The company reported income of \(20,000 in 2014, \)25,000 in 2015, and \(30,000 in 2016. A number of market analysts have recommended that investors buy the stock because they expect the steady growth in income to continue. Bobek is approaching the end of its fiscal year in 2017, and it again appears to be a good year. However, it has not yet recorded warranty expense.
Based on prior experience, this year’s warranty expense should be around \)5,000, but some managers have approached the controller to suggest a larger, more conservative warranty expense should be recorded this year. Income before warranty expense is \(43,000. Specifically, by recording a \)7,000 warranty accrual this year, Bobek could report an increase in income for this year and still be in a position to cover its warranty costs in future years.
Instructions
(a) What is earnings management?
During 2017, Williamson Company changed from FIFO to weighted-average inventory pricing. Pretax income in 2016 and 2015 (Williamson’s first year of operations) under FIFO was \(160,000 and \)180,000, respectively. Pretax income using weighted-average pricing in the prior years would have been \(145,000 in 2016 and \)170,000 in 2015. In 2017, Williamson reported a pretax income (using weighted-average pricing) of $180,000. Show comparative income statements for Williamson, beginning with “Income before income tax,” as presented on the 2017 income statement. (The tax rate in all years is 30%.)
The following financial statement was prepared by employees of Walters Corporation.
WALTERS CORPORATION
INCOME STATEMENT
THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017
Revenues
Gross sales, including sales taxes \(1,044,300
Less: Returns, allowances, and cash discounts 56,200
Net sales 988,100
Dividends, interest, and purchase discounts 30,250
Recoveries of accounts written off in prior years 13,850
Total revenues 1,032,200
Costs and expenses
Cost of goods sold, including sales taxes 465,900
Salaries and related payroll expenses 60,500
Rent 19,100
Delivery expense and freight in 3,400
Bad debt expense 27,800
Total costs and expenses 576,700
Income before other items 455,500
Other items
Loss on discontinued styles (Note 1) 71,500
Loss on sale of marketable securities (Note 2) 39,050
Loss on sale of warehouse (Note 3) 86,350
Total other items 196,900
Net income \)258,600
Net income per share of common stock \(2.30
Note 1: New styles and rapidly changing consumer preferences resulted in a \)71,500 loss on the disposal of discontinued styles and related accessories.
Note 2: The Corporation sold an investment in marketable securities at a loss of \(39,050. The corporation normally sells securities of this nature.
Note 3: The Corporation sold one of its warehouses at an \)86,350 loss.
Instructions
Identify and discuss the weaknesses in classification and disclosure in the single-step income statement above. You should explain why these treatments are weaknesses and what the proper presentation of the items would be in accordance with GAAP.
Question: What major types of items are reported in the retained earnings statement?
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