Chapter 11: Q11-29Q (page 583)
What is a modified accelerated cost recovery system (MACRS)? Speculate as to why this system is now required for tax purposes.
Answer
MACRS was adopted to permit a faster write-off of tangible assets to provide additional tax incentives and simplify depreciation.
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(Depletion Computations—Timber) Forda Lumber Company owns a 7,000-acre tract of timber purchased in 2003 at a cost of \(1,300 per acre. At the time of purchase, the land was estimated to have a value of \)300 per acre without the timber. Forda Lumber Company has not logged this tract since it was purchased. In 2017, Forda had the timber cruised. The cruise (appraiser) estimated that each acre contained 8,000 board feet of timber. In 2017, Forda built 10 miles of roads at a cost of \(7,840 per mile. After the roads were completed, Forda logged and sold 3,500 trees containing 850,000 board feet.
Instructions
The plant manager of a manufacturing firm suggested in a conference of the company’s executives that accountants should speed up depreciation on the machinery in the finishing department because improvements were rapidly making those machines obsolete, and a depreciation fund big enough to cover their replacement is needed. Discuss the accounting concept of depreciation and the effect on a business concern of the depreciation recorded for plant assets, paying particular attention to the issues raised by the plant manager.
Jurassic Company owns machinery that cost \(900,000 and has accumulated depreciation of \)380,000. The present value of expected future net cash flows from the use of the asset are expected to be \(500,000. The fair value less cost of disposal of the equipment is \)400,000. Prepare the journal entry, if any, to record the impairment loss.
(Unit, Group, and Composite Depreciation) The certified public accountant is frequently called upon by management for advice regarding methods of computing depreciation. Of comparable importance, although it arises less frequently, is the question of whether the depreciation method should be based on consideration of the assets as units, as a group, or as having a composite life.
Instructions
(1) units and
(2) a group or as having a composite life.
In the extractive industries, businesses may pay dividends in excess of net income. What is the maximum permissible? How can this practice be justified?
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