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Chapter 10: Q12Q (page 530)

Question: Discuss the basic accounting problem that arises in handling each of the following situations. (a) Assets purchased by issuance of common stock. (b) Acquisition of plant assets by gift or donation. (c) Purchase of a plant asset subject to a cash discount. (d) Assets purchased on a long-term credit basis. (e) A group of assets acquired for a lump sum. (f) An asset traded in or exchanged for another asset.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

Basis accounting problem that arises in each situation is related to the valuation of the assets purchased. Each situation is related to at which cost asset is recorded in the books.

Step by step solution

01

Purchase of asset by issue of common stock

Accounting problem in case of purchase of asset by issue of common stock is arises to determine the value of asset. In this case, value of asset is not based on the par value of the common stock. Company uses the market value of stock to determine the value of the property.

02

Plant asset acquired in form of gift or donation

Company did not pay any price when plant asset is acquired by gift or donation. So, accounting problem of valuation of asset arises. In this case, fair value of the asset is used.

03

Plant asset purchased on cash discount

Plant asset purchased at cash discount arise the problem of treatment of cash discount. Whether cash discount is subtracted from the total cost or not. Both the treatments are used by the accountants.

04

Asset purchased on long term credit

When asset is purchased by the company on the credit which is payable in more than one accounting period. Then the problem of recording of asset arises. So, company record the asset at present value of consideration exchanged.

05

Purchase at lump sum

Company purchases more than one asset by paying a single price for all of them. In this case, allocation of cost among all assets is the major problem. So, accountant allocate the cost on fair value basis.

06

Exchange of asset for new asset

In this case, problem of recording of new asset arises. So, accountant record the asset at the fair value of the new asset.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: (Nonmonetary Exchanges) During the current year, Marshall Construction trades an old crane with a book value of \(90,000 (original cost \)140,000 less accumulated depreciation of \(50,000) for a new crane from Brigham Manufacturing Co. The new crane cost Brigham \)165,000 to manufacture and is classified as inventory. The following information is also available.

Marshall Const.

Brigham Mfg. Co.

Fair value of old crane

\( 82,000

Fair value of new crane

\)200,000

Cash paid

118,000

Cash received

118,000

Instructions

  1. Assuming that this exchange is considered to have commercial substance, prepare the journal entries on the books of
    1. Marshall Construction and
    2. Brigham Manufacturing.
  2. Assuming that this exchange lacks commercial substance for Marshall, prepare the journal entries on the books of Marshall Construction.
  3. Assuming the same facts as those in (a), except that the fair value of the old crane is \(98,000 and the cash paid is \)102,000, prepare the journal entries on the books of
    1. Marshall Construction and
    2. Brigham Manufacturing.
  4. Assuming the same facts as those in (b), except that the fair value of the old crane is \(97,000 and the cash paid \)103,000, prepare the journal entries on the books of
    1. Marshall Construction and
    2. Brigham Manufacturing.

Question: Once equipment has been installed and placed in operation, subsequent expenditures relating to this equipment are frequently thought of as repairs or general maintenance and, hence, chargeable to operations in the period in which the expenditure is made. Actually, determination of whether such an expenditure should be charged to operations or capitalized involves a much more careful analysis of the character of the expenditure. What are the factors that should be considered in making such a decision? Discuss fully.

(Nonmonetary Exchange) Cannondale Company purchased an electric wax melter on April 30, 2017, by trading in its old gas model and paying the balance in cash. The following data relate to the purchase.

List price of new melter

\(15,800

Cash paid

10,000

Cost of old melter (5-year life, \)700 salvage value)

11,200

Accumulated depreciation—old melter (straight-line)

6,300

Secondhand fair value of old melter

5,200

Instructions

Prepare the journal entry(ies) necessary to record this exchange, assuming that the exchange

  1. has commercial substance, and
  2. lacks commercial substance. Cannondale’s fiscal year ends on December 31, and depreciation has been recorded through December 31, 2016.

(Nonmonetary Exchange) Carlos Arruza Company exchanged equipment used in its manufacturing operations plus \(3,000 in cash for similar equipment used in the operations of Tony LoBianco Company. The following information pertains to the exchange.

Carlos Arruza Co.

Tony LoBianco Co.

Equipment (cost)

\)28,000

$28,000

Accumulated depreciation

19,000

10,000

Fair value of equipment

12,500

15,500

Cash given up

3,000

Instructions

  1. Prepare the journal entries to record the exchange on the books of both companies. Assume that the exchange lacks commercial substance.
  2. Prepare the journal entries to record the exchange on the books of both companies. Assume that the exchange has commercial substance.

(Acquisition Costs of Realty) The following expenditures and receipts are related to land, land improvements,

and buildings acquired for use in a business enterprise. The receipts are enclosed in parentheses.

(a) Money borrowed to pay building contractor (signed a note) \((275,000)

(b) Payment for construction from note proceeds 275,000

(c) Cost of land fill and clearing 8,000

(d) Delinquent real estate taxes on property assumed by purchaser 7,000

(e) Premium on 6-month insurance policy during construction 6,000

(f) Refund of 1-month insurance premium because construction completed early (1,000)

(g) Architect’s fee on building 22,000

(h) Cost of real estate purchased as a plant site (land \)200,000 and building $50,000) 250,000

(i) Commission fee paid to real estate agency 9,000

(j) Installation of fences around property 4,000

(k) Cost of razing and removing building 11,000

(l) Proceeds from salvage of demolished building (5,000)

(m) Interest paid during construction on money borrowed for construction 13,000

(n) Cost of parking lots and driveways 19,000

(o) Cost of trees and shrubbery planted (permanent in nature) 14,000

(p) Excavation costs for new building 3,000

Instructions

Identify each item by letter and list the items in columnar form, using the headings shown below. All receipt amounts should be

reported in parentheses. For any amounts entered in the Other Accounts column, also indicate the account title.

Item Land Land Improvements Buildings Other Accounts
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