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Question: What are equivalent units of production?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer:

The equivalent unit of production helps the company in evaluating the direct material, direct labor and manufacturing overhead incurred on partially completed units during the period and to express it in terms of finished units of output.

Step by step solution

01

Production

Production is defined as the process of combining various direct or indirect inputs to order to make something for consumption.

02

Equivalent unit of production

Equivalent unit should be identified by the company to know the direct cost and the manufacturing overhead incurred on work in process inventory and express it in completed unit of production.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The Blending Department for CenTex Paints started October with 1,000 gallons in process and started in production 9,500gallons. During the month, 7,000 gallons were completed and transferred to the next department. Ending work-in-process was3,500 gallons (100% complete with respect to direct materials and 30% complete for conversion costs). The department uses the

weighted-average method. The Blending Department incurred the following costs:

Beginning WIP-Direct materials cost

\(500

Beginning WIP-Conversion cost

1,210

Direct material added during the month

5,800

Conversion cost added during the month

5,230

Total

\)12,740

7. Prepare a production cost report for the Blending Department for the month of October.

Most companies using a process costing systems have to calculate more than one EUP. Why? How many do they have to calculate?

What is the weighted-average method for process costing systems?

Bergeronโ€™s Exteriors produces exterior siding for homes. The Preparation Department begins with wood, which is chopped into small bits. At the end of the process, an adhesive is added. Then the wood/adhesive mixture goes on to the Compression Department, where the wood is compressed into sheets. Conversion costs are added evenly throughout the preparation process. January data for the Preparation Department are as follows:

UNITS

Beginning work-in-process inventory

0 sheets

Started in production

3,900 sheets

Completed and transferred out to compression in January

2,700 sheets

Ending work-in-process inventory (25% of the way through the preparation process)

1,200 sheets

COSTS

Beginning work-in-process inventory

\(0

Costs added during January

Wood

3,120

Adhesive

1,836

Direct labor

990

Manufacturing overhead allocated

2,100

Total costs

\)8,046

Requirements

1. Prepare a production cost report for the Preparation Department for January. The company uses the weighted-average method. (Hint: Each direct material added at a different point in the production process requires its own equivalent unit of production computation.)

2. Prepare the journal entry to record the cost of the sheets completed and

transferred out to the Compression Department.

3. Post the journal entries to the Work-in-Process Inventoryโ€”Preparation T-account. What is the ending balance?

Rick Pines and Joe Lopez are the plant managers for High Mountain Lumberโ€™s particle board division. High Mountain Lumber has adopted a just-in-time management philosophy. Each plant combines wood chips with chemical adhesives to produce particle board to order, and all product is sold as soon as it is completed. Laura Green is High Mountain Lumberโ€™s regional controller. All of High Mountain Lumberโ€™s plants and divisions send Green their production and cost information. While reviewing the numbers of the two particle board plants, she is surprised to find that both plants estimate their ending Work-in-Process Inventories at 75% complete, which is higher than usual. Green calls Lopez, whom she has known for some time. He admits that to ensure their division would meet its profit goal and that both he and Pines would make their bonus (which is based on division profit), they agreed to inflate the percentage completion. Lopez explains, โ€œDetermining the percent complete always requires judgment.

Whatever the percent complete, weโ€™ll finish the Work-in-Process Inventory first thing next year.โ€

Requirements

  1. How would inflating the percentage completion of ending Work-in-Process Inventory help Pines and Lopez get their bonus?
  2. The particle board division is the largest of High Mountain Lumberโ€™s divisions. If Green does not correct the percentage completion of this yearโ€™s ending Work-in-Process Inventory, how will the misstatement affect High Mountain Lumberโ€™s financial statements?
  3. Evaluate Lopezโ€™s justification, including the effect, if any, on next yearโ€™s financial statements.
  4. Address the following: What is the ethical issue? What are the options? What are the potential consequences? What should Green do?
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