Chapter 11: 15RQ (page 604)
How is the times-interest-earned ratio calculated, and what does it evaluate?
The times-interest-earned ratio is the ratio between earnings before interest & tax (EBIT) and interest expense.
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Golden Bear Construction operates throughout California. The owner, Gaylan Beavers, employs 15 work crews. Construction supervisors report directly to Beavers, and the supervisors are trusted employees. The home office staff consists of an accountant and an office manager.
Because employee turnover is high in the construction industry, supervisors hire and fire their own crews. Supervisors notify the office of all personnel changes. Also, supervisors forward the employee W-4 forms to the home office. Each Thursday, the supervisors submit weekly time sheets for their crews, and the accountant prepares the payroll. At noon on Friday, the supervisors come to the office to get paychecks for distribution to the workers at 5 p.m.
The company accountant prepares the payroll, including the paychecks. Beavers signs all paychecks. To verify that each construction worker is a bona fide employee, the accountant matches the employee’s endorsement signature on the back of the canceled paycheck with the signature on that employee’s W-4 form.
Requirements
Discuss a control feature that the company can use to safeguard against the fraud you identified in Requirement 1.
Freeman Motors, a motorcycle manufacturer, had the following contingencies.
a. Freeman estimates that it is reasonably possible but not likely that it will lose a current lawsuit. Freeman’s attorneys estimate the potential loss will be \(4,500,000.
b. Freeman received notice that it was being sued. Freeman considers this lawsuit to be frivolous.
c. Freeman is currently the defendant in a lawsuit. Freeman believes it is likely that it will lose the lawsuit and estimates the damages to be paid will be \)75,000.
Determine the appropriate accounting treatment for each of the situations Freeman is facing.
On July 5, Williams Company recorded sales of merchandise inventory on account, $55,000. The sales were subject to sales tax of 4%. On August 15, Williams Company paid the sales tax owed to the state from the July 5 transaction. Requirements 1. Journalize the transaction to record the sale on July 5. Ignore cost of goods sold. 2. Journalize the transaction to record the payment of sales tax to the state on August 15.
Liam Wallace is general manager of Moonwalk Salons. During 2018, Wallace worked for the company all year at a \(13,400 monthly salary. He also earned a year-end bonus equal to 5% of his annual salary.
Wallace’s federal income tax withheld during 2018 was \)2,010 per month, plus \(1,608 on his bonus check. State income tax withheld came to \)110 per month, plus \(80 on the bonus. FICA tax was withheld on the annual earnings. Wallace authorized the following payroll deductions: Charity Fund contribution of 2% of total earnings and life insurance of \)15 per month.
Moonwalk incurred payroll tax expense on Wallace for FICA tax. The company also paid state unemployment tax and federal unemployment tax.
Requirements
1. Compute Wallace’s gross pay, payroll deductions, and net pay for the full year 2018. Round all amounts to the nearest dollar.
2. Compute Moonwalk’s total 2018 payroll tax expense for Wallace.
3. Make the journal entry to record Moonwalk’s expense for Wallace’s total earnings for the year, his payroll deductions, and net pay. Debit Salaries Expense and Bonus Expense as appropriate. Credit liability accounts for the payroll deductions and Cash for net pay. An explanation is not required.
4. Make the journal entry to record the accrual of Moonwalk’s payroll tax expense for Wallace’s total earnings.
5. Make the journal entry for the payment of the payroll withholdings and taxes.
How might a business use a payroll register?
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