Question

The Haines Corp. shows the following financial data for 20X1 and 20X2:

	20X1	20X2
Sales	\(3,230,000	\)3,370,000
Cost of goods sold	2,130,000	2,850,000
Gross profits	\(1,100,000	\)520,000
Selling and administrative expenses	298,000	227,000
Operating profits	\(802,000	\)293,000
Interest expense	47,200	51,600
Income before taxes	\(754,800	\)241,400
Taxes (35%)	264,180	84,490
Income after tax	\(490,620	\)156,910

For each year, compute the following and indicate whether it is increasing or

decreasing profitability in 20X2 as indicated by the ratio:

b. Selling and administrative expense to sales.

Short answer

Selling and administrative expenses to sales for 20X1 and 20X2 are 9.22% and 6.74%, respectively. It is decreased by 2.48%.

Step-by-step solution

Selling and administrative expenses to sales for the year 20X1

$\begin{array}{rcl}\mathrm{Selling}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{administrative}\mathrm{expenses}\mathrm{to}\mathrm{sales}\mathrm{for}\mathrm{the}\mathrm{year}\left(20\mathrm{X}1\right)& =& \frac{\mathrm{Selling}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{administrative}\mathrm{expenses}}{\mathrm{Sales}}\\ & =& \frac{\$298,000}{\$3,230,000}\\ & =& 9.22\%\end{array}$

Selling and administrative expenses to sales for the year 20X2

$\begin{array}{rcl}\mathrm{Selling}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{administrative}\mathrm{expenses}\mathrm{to}\mathrm{sales}\mathrm{for}\mathrm{the}\mathrm{year}\left(20\mathrm{X}2\right)& =& \frac{\mathrm{Selling}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{administrative}\mathrm{expenses}}{\mathrm{Sales}}\\ & =& \frac{\$227,000}{\$3,370,000}\\ & =& 6.74\%\end{array}$

Change in selling and administrative expenses to sales ratio

$\begin{array}{rcl}\mathrm{Change}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{ratio}& =& \mathrm{Selling}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{administrative}\mathrm{expenses}\mathrm{to}\mathrm{sale}\left(20\times 2\right)-\mathrm{Selling}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{administrative}\mathrm{expenses}\mathrm{to}\mathrm{sale}\left(20\times 1\right)\\ & =& 6.74\%-9.22\%\\ & =& -2.48\%\end{array}$